Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 1.djvu/194

176 1. A Latin Odyssey in the Saturnian verse (Cic. Brut. 18), but it is uncertain whether the poem was an imitation or a mere translation of the Homeric poem. 2. Hymns (Liv. xxvii. 37; Fest. s.v. Scribas), of which no fragments are extant. The statement of some writers, that he wrote versified Annals, is founded upon a confusion of Livius Andronicus and Ennius. (Vossius, de Hist. Lat. p. 827.)

The fragments of Livius Andronicus are con­tained in the collections of the fragments of the Roman dramatists mentioned under. The fragments of the Odyssea Latina are collected in H. Düntzer et L. Lersch, de Versu quern vocant Saturnino, pp. 40-48; all the fragments are con­tained in Düntzer’s Livii Andronici Fragmenta collecta et illustrata, &c. Berlin, 1835, 8vo.; comp. Osann, Analecta Critica, c. 1,  ANDRONI'CUS (🇬🇷), a, is first mentioned in the war against Antiochus, B.C. 190, as the governor of Ephesus. (Liv. xxxvii. 13.) He is spoken of in B.C. 169 as one of the generals of Perseus, king of Macedonia, and was sent by him to burn the dock-yards at Thessalonica, which he delayed doing, wishing to gratify the Romans, according to Diodorus, or thinking that the king would repent of his purpose, as Livy states. He was shortly afterwards put to death by Perseus. (Liv. xliv, 10; Diod. Exc. p. 579, Wess.; Appian, de Reb. Mac 14.)  ANDRONI'CUS (🇬🇷) of, who is probably the same as the son of Agerrhus mentioned by Arrian (Anab. iii. 23), was one of the four generals appointed by Antigonus to form the military council of the young Demetrius, in B.C. 314. He commanded the right wing of De­metrius’ army at the battle of Gaza in 312, and after the loss of the battle, and the subsequent re­treat of Demetrius, was left in command of Tyre. He refused to surrender the city to Ptolemy, who, however, obtained possession of it, but spared the life of Andronicus, who fell into his hands. (Diod. xix. 69 86.)  ANDRONI'CUS (🇬🇷), a Greek, mentioned by Galen (De Compos. Medicam. sec. Locos, vii. 6, vol. xiii. p. 114) and Theodoras Priscianus (Rer. Medic, i. 18, ii. 1, 6, pp. 18, 37, ed. Argent), who must therefore have lived some time before the second century after Christ. No other particulars are known respecting him; but it may be remarked, that the Andronicus quoted several times by Galen with the epithet Peripateticus or Rhodius, is probably quite another person. He is called by Tiraquellus (De Nobilitate, c. 31), and after him by Fabricius (Bibl. Gr. vol. xiii. p. 62, ed. vet.), “Andronicus Ticianus,” but this is a mistake, as Andronicus and Titianus appear to have been two different persons.  ANDRONI'CUS (🇬🇷), a Greek and contemporary of the emperor Constantius, about A.D. 360. Libanius (Epist. 75 ; comp. De Vita Sua, p. 68) says, that the sweetness of his poetry gained him the favour of all the towns (probably of Egypt) as far as the Ethiopians, but that the full development of his talents was checked by the death of his mother and the misfortune of his native town (Hermopolis?). If he is the same as the Andronicus mentioned by Photius (Cod. 279, p. 536, a. Bekk.) as the author of dramas and various other poems, he was a native of Hermopolis in Egypt, of which town he was decurio. Themistius (Orat. xxix. p. 418, &c.), who speaks of a young poet in Egypt as the author of a tragedy, epic poems, and dithyrambs, appears likewise to allude to Andronicus. In A.D. 359, Andronicus, with several other persons in the east and in Egypt, incurred the suspicion of indulging in pagan practices. He was tried by Paulus, whom the emperor had despatched for the purpose, but he was found innocent and acquitted. (Ammian. Marcellin. xix. 12.) No fragments of his works are extant, with the exception of an epigram in the Greek Anthology, (vii. 181.)  ANDRONI'CUS (🇬🇷), of, a Peripatetic philosopher, who is reckoned as the tenth of Aristotle’s successors, was at the head of the Peripatetic school at Rome, about B.C. 58, and was the teacher of Boethus of Sidon, with whom Strabo studied. (Strab. xiv. pp. 655, 757; Ammon. in Aristot. Categ. p. 8, a., ed. Ald.) We know little more of the life of Andronicus, but he is of special interest in the history of philosophy, from the statement of Plutarch (Sull. c. 26), that he published a new edition of the works of Aristotle and Theophrastus, which formerly belonged to the library of Apellicon, and were brought to Rome by Sulla with the rest of Apellicon’s library in B.C. 84. Tyrannio commenced this task, but apparently did not do much towards it. (Comp. Porphyr. vit. Plotin. c. 24 ; Boethius, ad Aristot. de Interpret, p. 292 ed. Basil. 1570.) The arrangement which Andronicus made of Aristotle’s writings seems to be the one which forms the basis of our present editions; and we are probably indebted to him for the preservation of a large number of Aristotle’s works.

Andronicus wrote a work upon Aristotle, the fifth book of which contained a complete list of the philosopher’s writings, and he also wrote commentaries upon the Physics, Ethics, and Categories. None of these works is extant, for the paraphrase of the Nicomachean Ethics, which is ascribed to Andronicus of Rhodes, was written by some one else, and may have been the work of Andronicus Callistus of Thessalonica, who was professor at Rome, Bologna, Florence, and Paris, in the latter half of the fifteenth century. Andronicus Callistus was the author of the work 🇬🇷, which also ascribed to Andronicus of Rhodes. The 🇬🇷 was first published by Höschel, Aug. Vindel. 1594, and the Paraphrase by Heinsius, as anonymous work, Lugd. Bat. 1607, and afterwards by Heinsius as the work of Andronicus of Rhodes Lugd. Bat, 1617, with the 🇬🇷 attached it. The two works were printed at Cantab. 1679 and Oxon. 1809. (Stahr, Aristotelia, ii. p. 129.)  ANDRO'NIDAS (🇬🇷), was with Callicrates the leader of the Roman party among the Achaeans. In B.C. 146, he was sent by Metellus to Diaeus, the commander of the Achaeans, to offer peace; but the peace was rejected, and Andronidas seized by Diaeus, who however released him upon the payment of a talent. (Polyb. xxix. 10, xxx. 20, xl. 4, 5.)  ANDRO'STHENES (🇬🇷). 1. Of Thasus, one of Alexander’s admirals, sailed with Nearchus, and was also sent by Alexander to explore the coast of the Persian gulf. (Strab. xvi. p. 766; Arrian, Anab. vii. 20.) He wrote account of this voyage, and also a 🇬🇷. (Athen. iii. p. 93, b.) Compare Marcian. Heracl. p. 63, Huds.; Theophr. ''de Caus. Plant.'', ii. 5; Vossius, ''de Histor. Graec.'' p. 98, ed. Westernann.