Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 1.djvu/188

 170 ANDRAGATHUS. Taylor ascribed it to Phaeux, while others think it more probable that it is the work of some of the later rhetoricians, with whom the accusation or de- fence of Alcibiades was a standing theme. Besides these four orations Ave possess only a few fragments and some verj' vague allusions to other orations. (Sluiter, Led. And. p. 239, &c.) As an orator Andocides does not appear to have been held in very high esteem by the ancients, as he is seldom mentioned, though Valerius Theon is said to have written a commentary on his orations. (Snidas, s. V. Qetau.) We do not hear of his having been trained in any of the sophistical schools of the time, and he had probably developed his talents in the practical school of the popular assembly. Hence his orations have no mannerism in them, and are really, as Plutarch says, simple and free from all rhetorical pomp and ornament. (Comp. Dionys. Hal. de Li/s. 2, de Thuci/d. Jiul. 51.) Sometimes, however, his style is ditfiise, and becomes tedious and obscure. The best among the orations is that on the Mysteries ; but, for the history of the time, all are of the highest importance. The orations are printed in the collections of the Greek orators by Aldus, H. Stephens, Reiske, Bekker, and others. The best separate editions are those of C. Schiller, Leipzig, 1835, 8vo., and of Baiter and Sauppe, Zurich, 1838. The most important works on the life and orations of Andocides are : J. 0. Sluiter, Lectiones Andocideae, Leyden, 1804, pp^ 1-99, reprinted at Leipzig, 1834, with notes by C Schiller ; a treatise of A. G. Becker prefixed to his German translation of Andocides, Quedlinburg, 1832, 8vo. ; Ruhnken, Hist. Crit. Orat. Grace, pp. 47-57 ; Westermann, Gesch. dcr Griech. Beredt- mm/ceit, g§ 42 and 43. [L. S.] ANDRAEMON {' At Spaitxuu). 1. The hus- band of Gorge, the daughter of the Calydonian king Oeneus, and father of Thoas. Wlien Dio- medos delivered Oeneus, who had been imprisoned by the sons of Agrius, he gave the kingdom to Andraemon, since Ooneus was alreadv too old. (Apollod. i. 8. §§ 1 and G; Horn. 11. ii. 6'38; Pans. V. 3. § 5.) Antoninus Liberalis (37) represents Oeneus as resuming the government after his liberation. The tomb of Andraemon, together with that of his wife Gorge, was seen at Amphissa in the time of Pausanias. (x. 38. § 3.) Apollo- dorus (ii. 8. § 3) calls Oxylus a son of Andraemon, which might seem to allude to a different Andrae- mon from the one we are here speaking of ; but there is evidently some mistake here ; for Pausa- nias (/. c.) and Strabo (x. p. 463, &c.) speak of Oxylus as the son of Haemon, who was a son of Thoas, so that the Oxylus in Apollodorus must be a great-grandson of Andraemon. Hence Ileyne proposes to read A'iaoi'os instead of *Av5 pa' /jlovos. . A son of the Oxylus mentioned above, and husband of Drvope, who was mother of Amphissus by Apollo. (Ov. Met. ix. 3G3 ; Anton. Lib. 32.) There are two other mythical personages of this name, the one a son of Codrus (Paus. vii. 3. § 2), and the other a Pylian, and founder of Colophon. (Strab, xiv. p. 633.) [L. S.] ANDRAEMO'NIDES {'AuSpaifiould-qs), a pa- tronymic from Andraemon, frequently given to his son Thoas. (Horn. //. ii.638, vii. 168, &c.) [L.S.] ANDRA^GATHUS { AvSpdyaeosj Avas left by Pemetrius in command of Amphipolis, b. c. 287, Lat treacherously surrendered it to Lvsimachus. (Polyaen. iv. 12. § 2.) ANDREAS. AXDRANODO'RUS, the son-in-law of Hiero, was appointed guardian of Hieronymus, the grand- .son of lUero, after the death of the latter. He advised Hieronymus to break off the alliance with the Romans, and connect himself with Hannibal. After the assassination of Hieronymus, Andrano- dorus seized upon the island and the citadel with the intention of usurping the royal power ; but finding difficulties in the way, he judged it more prudent to surrender them to the Syracusans, and was elected in consequence one of their generals. But the suspicions of the people becoming excited against him, he was killed shortly afterwards, B. c. 214. (Liv. xxiv. 4—7, 21—25.) A'NDREAS {'AvSpeas), of uncertain date, wrote a work on the cities of Sicily, of which the thirty-third book is referred to by Athenaeus, (xiv. p. 634, a.) A'NDREAS ('Aj/Spe'as), of Argos, a sculptor, whose time is not known. He made a statue of Lysippus, the Elean, victor in the boys'- wrestling. (Pans. vi. 16. § 5.) [P. S.] A'NDREAS {'AvBpias)., the name of several Greek physicians, whom it is difficult to distinguish from each other. The Andreas Comes, quoted several times by Aetius (which title moans Comes A rchiutroi-um), was cerUiinly the latest of all, and probably lived shortly before Aetius himself (that is, in the fourth or fifth century after Christ), as the title was only introduced under tlie Roman emperors. (Did. of Ant. s. v. Archiaier.) If, for want of any positive data, all the other pas- sages where the name Andreas occurs be supposed to refer to the same person (which may possibly be the case), he was a native of Carystus in Eu- boea (Cassias latros. Problem. Phys. § 58), the son of Chrysar or Chrysaor (d tou Xpvaapos or ^pvadopos)., if the name be not corrupt (Galen, Ktp/icut. Vocum Ilippocr. s. v. 'Ii'5i/coi', vol. xix. p. 105), .and one of the followers of Herophilus. (Cels. Be Medic, v. Praef. p. 81 ; Soran. J)e Arte Ohstctr. c. 48. p. 101.) He was physician to Ptolemy Philopatnr, king of Egypt, and was killed while in attendance on that prince, shortly before the battle of Raphia (b. c. 217), by Theo- dotus the Aetolian, who had secretly entered the tent with the intent to murder the king. (Polyb. v. 81.) He wrote several medical works, of which nothing remains but the titles, and a few extracts preserved by different ancient authors. He was probably the first person who wrote a treatise on hydrophobia, which he called Kwokvaaos. (Cae- lius Aurel. Da Morb. Acid. iii. 9, p. 218.) In one of his works Tlep ttjs 'laTpiKrjs FivfaKoyias On Medical Genealogy, he is said bj' Soranus, in his life of Hippocrates (Hippocr. Opera, vol. iii. p. 851), to have given a false and scandalous account of that great physician, saying that he had been obliged to leave his native country on account of his having set fire to the library at Cnidos ; a story which, though universally considered to be totally unfounded, was repeated with some varia- tions by Varro (in Pliny, H. X. xxix. 2) and John Tzetzes (CViil. vii. Hist. 155, in Fabricius, BibUotk. Graeca, vol. xil. p. 681, ed. vet.), and was much embellished in the middle ages. (See //i>Y. of tlie Seven Wine Maslera, in Ellis's Specimens of Early Enylish Metrical Romances, vol. iii. p. 43.) Eratosthenes is said to have accused Andreas of plagiarism, and to have called hiin BiSAiai-v^o-fJoy, the Aeyislhus (or Adidterer) of Bootes. [E/ymul.