Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 1.djvu/176

 An. ii. 5 ; Strab. xiv. p. 672; Athen. viii. p. 335, f., xii. pp. 529, e, 530, b.)

 ANADYO'MENE (🇬🇷), the goddess rising out of the sea, a surname given to Aphrodite, in allusion to the story of her being born from the foam of the sea. This surname had not much celebrity previous to the time of Apelles, but his famous painting of Aphrodite Anadyomene, in which the goddess was represented as rising from the sea and drying her hair with her hands, at once drew great attention to this poetical idea, and excited the emulation of other artists, painters as well as sculptors. The painting of Apelles was made for the inhabitants of the island of Cos, who set it up in their temple of Asclepius. Its beauty induced Augustus to have it removed to Rome, and the Coans were indemnified by a reduction in their taxes of 100 talents. In the time of Nero the greater part of the picture had become effaced, and it was replaced by the work of another artist. (Strab. xiv. p.657; Plin. H. N. xxxv. 36. §§ 12. and 15; Auson. Ep. 106; Paus. ii. 1. § 7.)

 ANAEA {'Avala), an Amazon, from whom the town of Anaea in Caria derived its name. (Steph. Bvz, s.v. ; Eustath. adDionys. Verieg. ^28.) [L. S.]

 ANAGALLIS. []

 ANAGNOSTES, JOANNES ('Ift«£«/iajs 'Ara- •yv(L(TTT]s, wrote an account of the storming of his native city, Thessalonica, by the Turks under Amurath II. (a. d. 1430), to which is added a " Monodia," or Lamentation for the event, in prose. Tiie work is printed, in Greek and Latin, in the 2wu;u«KTo of Leo AUatius, Rom. 1653, 8vo,, pp. 318 — 380. The author was present at the siege, after which he left the city, but was induced to return to it by the promises of the conqueror, who two years afterwards deprived him of all his pro- perty. (Hanekius, de Hist. Ihjz. Script, i. 38, p. 636 ; Wharton, Supp to Cave, Hist. Lit. ii. p. 130.) [P. S.]

 ANAI'TIS ('Ai/atrjs), an Asiatic divinity, •whose name appears in various modifications, some- times written Anaea (Strab. xvi. p. 738), some- times Aneitis (Plut. Artcur. 27), sometimes Tanais (Clem. Alex. Protrept. p. 43), or Nanaea. (Maccab. ii. 1, 13.) Her worship was spread over several parts of Asia, such as Armenia, Cappadoci.a, Assy- ria, Persis, &c. (Strab. xi. p. 512, xii. p. 559. xv. p. 733.) In most places where she was worship- })ed we find numerous slaves {ifpo^ovKoi) of both sexes consecrated to her, and in Acilisene these slaves were taken from the most distinguished families. The female slaves prostituted them- selves for a number of years before they married. These priests seem to have been in the enjoyment of the sacred land connected with her temples, and we find mention of sacred cows also being kept at such temples. (Plut. Luadl. 24.) From this and other circumstances it has been inferred, that the worship of Anaitis was a branch of the Indian worship of nature. It seems, at any rate, clear that it was a part of the worship so common among the Asiatics, of the creative powers of nature, both male and female. The Greek writers sometimes identify Anaitis with their Artemis (Paus. iii. 16. § 6 ; Plut. I. c), and sometimes with their Aphro- dite. (Clem. Alex. I. c. Agathias, i. 2 ; Ammian. Marc, xxiii. 3 ; Spartian. Curac. 7 ; comp. Creuzer, Spnbol. ii. p. 22, &c.) [L. S.]

 ANA'NIUS {'Ai'dvios), a Greek iambic poet, contemporary with Hipponax (about 540 B. c.) The invention of the satyric iambic verse called Scazon is ascribed to him as well as to Hipponax. (Hephaest. p. 30, 11, Gaisf.) Some fragments of Ananius are preserved by Athenaeus (pp. 78, 282, 370), and all that is known of him has been col- lected by Welcker. {Hipponactis et Ananii lambo- graphorum Fragmenta, p. 109, &c.) [P. S.]

 ANAPHAS ('Aj/a^as), was said to have been one of the seven who slew the Magi in B. c. 521, and to have been lineally descended from Atossa, the sister of Cambyses, who was the father of the great Cyrus. The Cappadocian kings traced their origin to Anaphas, who received the government of Cappadocia, free from taxes. Anaphas was suc- ceeded by his son of the same name, and the latter by Datames. (Diod. xxxi. Ed. 3.)

<section end="Amphas"/> <section begin="Anastasia"/>ANASTA'SIA, a noble Roman lady, who suffered martyrdom in the Diocletian persecution. (a. d. 303.) Two letters written by her in prison are extant in Suidas, s. v. xP^f^^yovos. [P. S.]

<section end="Anastasia"/> <section begin="Anastasius"/>ANASTA'SIUS {' Auaardaios), the author of a Latin epigram of eighteen lines .addressed to a certain Armatus, "De Ratione Victus Salutaria post Incisam Venam et Emissum Sanguinem," which is to be found in several editions of the Regimen SanitcdisSalcrnitanum. (e.(/. Antverp. 1557, 12mo.) The life and date of the author are quite unknown, but he was probfvbly a late writer, and is therefore not to be confounded with a Greek physician of the same n;mie, whose remedy for the gout, which was to be taken during a whole year, is quoted with approbation by Aetius (tetrab. iii. serm. iv. 47, p. 609), and who must therefore have lived some time during or before the fifth century after Christ. [W. A. G.]

<section end="Anastasius"/> <section begin="Anastasius I. II."/>ANASTA'SIUS I. II., patriarchs of Antioch. [Anastasius Sinaita.]

<section end="Anastasius I. II."/> <section begin="Anastasius I."/>ANASTA'SIUS I. ( 'Amo-Tdcrtos ), emperor of Constantinople, sumamed Dicorus (At/co-pos) on account of the different colour of his eye- balls, was born about 430 A. D., at Dyrra- chium in Epeirus. He was descended from an unknown family, and we are acquainted with only a few circumstances concerning his life pre- viously to his accession. We know, however, that he was a zealous Eutychian, that he was not married, and that he served in the imperial life-guard of the Silentiarii, which was the cause of his being generally called Anastasius Silentiarius. The emperor Zeno, the Isaurian, having died in 491 without male issue, it was generally believed that his brother Longinus would succeed him ; but in consequence of an intrigue carried on during some time, as it seems, between Anastasius and the empress Ariadne, Anastasius was proclaimed emperor. Shortly afterwards he married Ariadne, but it does not appear that he had had an adulterous intercourse with her during the life of her husband. When Anastasius ascended the throne of the Eastern empire he was a man of at least sixty, but though, notwithstanding his advanced age, he evinced uncommon energy, his reign is one of the most deplorable periods of Byzantine history, disturbed as it was by foreign and intestine Avars and by the still greater calamity of religious troubles. Immediately after his accession, Longinus, the brother of Zeno, Longinus Magister Officiorum, and Longinus Selinuntius, rose against him, and being all natives of Isauria, where they had great influence, they made this province the centre of their operations against the imperial troops. This

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