Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 1.djvu/172

Rh 154 AMYNANDEH. ApoUon. Rhod. ii. 754.) Pliny (//. X. xvi. G9) relates, that upon the tomb of Auiycus there grew a species of laurel {laui-us insuna)^ which had the effect that, when a branch of it was taken on board a vessel, the crew began to (parrel, and did not cease until the branch was thrown overboard. Three other mythical personages of this name oc- cur in Ov. Met. xii. 245 ; Virg. Aen. x. 705, com- pared with Horn. II. vi. 289; Virg. Aen. xii. 509, compared wth v. 297. f L. S.] AMYMO'NE {'AfjLvfiaivv), one of the daughters of Danaus and Elephantis. When Danaus arrived in Argos, the country, according to the wish of Poseidon, who was indignant at Inachus, was suf- fering from a drought, and Danaus sent out Amy- mone to fetch water. Meeting a stag, she shot at it, but hit a sleeping satyr, who rose and pursued her. Poseidon appeared, and rescued the maiden from the satyr, but appropriated her to himself, and then shewed her the wells at Lerna. (Apollod. ii. 1. § 4.) According to another fonn of the tra- dition, Araymone fell asleep on her expedition in search of water, and was surprised by a satyr. She invoked Poseidon, who appeared and cast his trident at the satyr, which however struck into a rock, so that the Satyr escaped. Poseidon, after ravishing the maiden, bade her draw the trident from the rock, from which a threefold spring gush- ed forth immediately, which was ciiUed after her the well of Amymone. Her son by Poseidon was called Nauplius. (Hygin. FuIj. G9 ; Lucian, Dial. Murin. 6 ; Paus. ii. 37. § 1.) The story of Amy- mone was the subject of one of the satyric dnimas of Aeschylus, and is represented upon a vase which was discovered at Naples in 1790. (Biittiger, AmaWtea, ii. p. 275.) [L. S.] AMYNANDER {'AfiiiucwSpos), king of the Athamanes, first appears in history as mediator between Philip of Macedonia and the Aetolians. (b. c. 208.) When the Romans were about to wage war on Philip, they sent ambassadors to Amynander to inform him of their intention. Un the commencement of the war he came to the cimp of the Romans and promised them assistance: the task of bringing over the Aetolians to an alliance with the Romans was assigned to him. In B. c. 198 he took the townis of Phoca and Goniphi, and mvaged Thessaly. He was present at the conference between Flaminius and Phiiip, and during the short truce was sent by the former to Rome. He was again present at the conference held with Philip after the battle of Cynoscephalae. On the conclusion of peace he was allowed to re- tain all the fortresses which he had Uiken from Philip. In the war which the Romans, supported by Philip, waged with Antiochus III. Amynander was induced by his brother-in-law, Philip of Megalopolis, to side with Antiochus, to whom he rendered active service. But in b. c. 191 he was driven from his kingdom by Philip, and fled with his wife and children to Ambracia. The Romans required that he should be delivered up, but their demand was not complied with, and with the assistance of the Aetolians he recovered his king- dom. He sent ambassiidors to Rome and to the Scipios in Asia, to treat for peace, which was granted him. (b. c. 189.) He afterwards induced the Ambraciots to surrender to the Romans. He married Apamia, the daughter of a Megalo- politan named Alexander. Respecting his death we have no accounts. (Liv. xxvii. 30, xxix. 12, AMYNTAS. xxxi. 28, xxxii. 14, xxxiii. 3, 34, xxxv. 47, xxxri, 7—10, 14, 28, 32, xxxviii. 1, 3, 9 ; Polvb. xvi. 27, xvii. 1, 10, xviii. 19, 30, xx. 10, xxii. 8, 12; Appian, 5//r. 17.) [C. P.M.] AMYNO'MACIIUS('Ajuwo7taxos),the son of Philocrates, was, together with Timocrates, the heir of Epicurus. (Diog. Laert. ix. 16, 17; Cic. de Fin. ii. 31.) AMYNTAS {'Aixivras) I., king of Macedonia, son of Alcetas, and fifth in descent from Perdiccas, the founder of the dynasty. (Herod, viii. 139 ; comp. Thucyd. ii. 100; Just. vii. I, xxxiii. 2; Paus. ix. 40.) It was under him that Macedonia became tri- butary to the Persians. Megabazus, whom Darius on his return from his Scythian expedition had left at the head of 80,000 men in Europe (Herod, iv. 143), sent after the conquest of Paeonia to re- quire earth and water of Amyntas, who immedi- ately complied with his demand. The Persian envoys on this occasion behaved with much in- solence at the banquet to which Amyntas invited them, and were murdered by his son Alexander. (Seep. 118, b.) After this we find nothing re- corded of Amyntas, except his offer to the Peisis- tratidae of Anthemus in Chalcidice, when Hippias had just been disappointed in his hope of a restora- tion to Athens by the power of the Spartan con- federacy. (Herod, v. 94 ; MiiU. Dor. App. i. § 16; Wasse, ad Thuc. ii. 99.) Amyntas died about 498 b. c. leaving the kingdom to Alexander. Herodotus (viii. 136) speaks of a son of Bubares and Gygaea, called Amyntas after his grandfather. 2. 11. king of Macedonia, was son of Philip,* the brother of Perdiccas II. (Thuc. ii. ^o.) He succeeded his fiither in his appanage in Upper Macedonia, of which Perdiccas seems to have wished to deprive him, as he had before endeav- oured to wrest it from PJiilip, but had been hin- dered by the Athenians. (Thuc. i. 57.) In the year 429 B. c. Amyntas, aided by Si- talces, king of the Odrysian Thracians, stood forward to contest with Perdiccas the throne of Macedonia itself; but the latter contrived to obtain peace through the mediation of Seuthes, the nephew of the Thracian king (Thuc. ii. 101); and Am}nitas was thus obliged to content himself with his hereditary principalitj'. In the thirty- fifth year, however, after this, b. c. 394, he ob- tained the crown by the murder of Paus;inias, sou of the usurper Aeropus. (Diod. xiv. 89.) It waa nevertheless contested with him b}' Argaeus, the son of Pausanias, who was supported by Bardylis, the Illyrian chief : the result was, that Amyntas was driven from Macedonia, but found a refuge among the Thessalians, and was enabled by their aid to recover his kingdom. (Diod. xiv. 92 ; Isocr. Archid. p. 125, b. c. ; comp. Diod. xvi. 4; Cic. de Of. ii. 11.) But before his flight, when hard pressed by Argaeus and the lllyrians, he had given up to the Olynthians a large tract of territory bordering upon their own, — despairing, as it would seem, of a restoration to the throne, and willing to cede the land in question to Olyn- thus rather than to his rival. (Diod. xiv. 92, xv. 19.) On his return he claimed back what he pro- this point. Justin (vii. 4) and Aelian (xii. 43) call Amyntas the son of Menelaus. See, too, Diod. XV. 60, and Wesseling, ad lor^
 * There is some discrepancy of statement on