Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 1.djvu/171

Rh AMULTUS. inent for the murder of Cly menus. (Apollod. ii. 4. § 8, &c.) His tomb was shewn at Tliebos in the time of Pausanias. (i, 41. § 1 ; compare Horn. Od. xi. 266, &c.; Hes. Seut. Here. init. ; Diod. iv. 9, «Scc. ; Hygin. F-ilt. 29, 244 ; MUller, Onliom. p. 207, &c.) Aeschylus and Sophocles wrote each a tragedy of the name of Amphitryon, which are now lost. We still possess a comedy of Plautus, the " Amphitruo," the subject of which is a ludi- crous representation of the visit of Zeus to Alcmene in the disguise of her lover Amphitryon. [L. S.] AMPHITRYONI'ADES or AMPHITRYO'- NIDKS ('A/U(^i/ta5T)$), a patronymic from Amphitryon, by which Heracles is sometimes designated, because his mother was married to Aiiiphitrv'on. (Ov. Met. ix. 140, xv. 49 ; Pind. 01. iii. 2, Ml. vi. .56.) [L. S.] A'MPHIUS ("AjLKptos), a son of Merops and brother of Adrastus. These two brothers took part in the Trojan war against their father's ad- vice, and were slain by Diomedes. (Horn. //. ii. y28, &c., xi. 328, &c.) Another hero of this name, who was an ally of the Trojans, occurs in //.v. 612. [L. S.] AMPHO'TERUS {'AfioTfp6s), the brother of Craterus, was appointed by Alexander the Great commander of the fleet in the Hellespont, B. c. 333. Amphoterus subdued the islands between Greece .nnd Asia which did not acknowledge Alexander, cleared Crete of the Persians and pirates, and sail- ed to Peloponnesus B. c. 331, to put down a rising against the Macedonian power. (Arrian, i. 25, iii. 6 ; Curt. iii. 1, iv. 5, 8.) T. A'MPIUS BALBUS. [Balbus.] T. A'MPIUS FLAVIA'NUS. [Flavianus.] AMPY'CIDES ('A/iTTwtSTjs ), a patronymic from Ampycus or Ampvx, applied to Mopsus. (Ov. Met viii. 316, 350. xii'. 456, 524 ; ApoUon. Rhod. I 1083; comp. Orph. Jrg. 721.) [L. S.] A'MPYCUS CAiJLirvKos). 1. A son of Pelias, husband of Chloris, and father of the famous seer Mopsus. (Hyirin. Fab. 14, 128; Apollon. Rhod. i. 1083; Ov. Mel. xii. 456.) Pausanias (v. 17. § 4, vii. 18. § 4) calls him Ampyx. 2. A son of Japetus, a bard and priest of Ceres, killed by Pettalus at the marriage of Perseus. (Ov. jMei. v. 110, &c.) Another personage of this name occurs in Orph. Jr<;. 721. [L. S.] AMPYX ("A/xTryl). 1. [Ampycus.] 2. There are two other mythical personages of this name. (Ov. Met. v. 184, xii. 450.) [L. S.J AMU'LIUS. [Romulus.] AMU'LIUS, a Roman painter, who was chiefly employed in decorating the Golden House of Nero. One of his works was a picture of Minerva, which always looked at tlie spectator, whatever point of view he chose. Pliny calls him "gravis et severus, idemque floridus," and adds, that he only painted for a few hours in the day, and that with such a regard for his own dignity, that he would not lay aside his toga, even when employed in the midst of scaffolding and machinery. (Plin. xxxv. 37 : Voss, in an emendation of this passage, among other alterations, substitutes Fabu/lus for Amulius. His reading is adopted by Junius and Sillig; but there seems to be no sufficient ground to reject the old reading.) [P. S J AMYCUS. n?^ AMYCLAEUS ('A/iuKAaToj), a surname of Apollo, derived from the town of Amyclae in La- conia, where he had a celebrated sanctuary. His colossal statue there is estimated by Pausanias (iii. 19. § 2) at thirty cubits in height. It appears to have been very ancient, for with the exception of the head, hands, and feet, the whole resembled more a brazen pillar than a statue. This figure of the god wore a helmet, and in his hands he held a spear and a bow. The women of Amyclae made every year a new x*^*^^ ^or the god, iind the place where they made it was also called the Chiton. (Pans. iii. 16. § 2.) The sanctuary of Apollo con- tained the throne of Amyclae, a work of Bathycles of Magnesia, which Pausanias saw. (iii. 18. § 6, «&c. ; comp. W'elcker, Zeitsclirift fur Gesch. dcr aU. Kunst. i. 2, p. 280, &c.) [L. S.] AMYCLAEUS (^AyLvKhaios), a Corinthian sculptor, who, in conjunction with Diyllus, exe- cuted in bronze a group which the Phocians dedi- cated at Delphi, after their victory over the Thes- salians at the beginning of the Persian war, b. c. 480. (Paus. X. 1. § 4, 13. § 4; Herod, viii. 27.) The subject of this piece of sculpture was the con- test of Heracles with Apollo for the sacred tripod. Heracles and Apollo were represented as both having hold of the tripod, while Leto and Arte- mis supported Apollo, and Heracles was encouraged by Athene. The legend to which the group re- ferred is related by Pausanias (x. 13. § 4) ; the reason for such a subject being chosen by the Pho- cians on this occasion, seems to be their own con- nexion with Apollo as guardians of the Delphic oracle, and, on the other hand, because the Thes- salian chiefs were Heracleidae, and their war-cry "Athene Itonia." (Miiller, Arch'dol. der Kuntyt, § 89, an. 3.) The attempt of Heracles to carry off the tripod seems to have been a favourite subject with the Greek artists : two or three representa- tions of it are still extant. (Winckelmann, Werke^ ix. p. 256, ed. 1825; Sillig,s.t7.; compare Diyllus, Chioms.) [P. S.] AMYCLAS ('A/xu/fAas), a son of Lacedae- mon and Sparta, and father of Hyacinthus by Diomede, the daughter of Lapithus. (Apollod. iii. 10. § 3 ; Paus. x. 9. § 3, vii. 18. § 4.) He was king of Laconia, and was regarded as the founder of the town of Amyclae. (Paus. iii. 1. § 3.) Two other mythical personages of this name occur in Parthen. Erot. 15, and Apollod. iii. 9. § 1. [L.S.] AMYCLl'DES, a patronymic fi-om Amyclas, by which Ovid {Met. x. 162) designates Hyacin- thus, who, according to some traditions, was a son of Amyclas. [L. S.] AMYCLUS ^AfivKXos), or AMYCLAS {'Afi6- Kas) of Heracleia, one of Plato's disciples. (Diog. Laert. iii. 46; Aelian, V. H. iii. 19.) A'MYCUS ("AytiUKos). 1. A son of Poseidon by Bithynis, or by the Bithynian nymph Meliju He was ruler of the country of the Bebryces, and when the Argonauts landed on the coast of his dominions, he challenged the bravest of them to a boxing match. Polydeuces, who accepted the challenge, killed him. (Apollod. i. 9. § 20 ; Hygin. Fali. 1 7 ; Apollon. Rhod. ii. init.) The Scholiast on Apollonius (ii. 98) relates, that Polydeuces bound Amycus. Previous to this faial encounter with the Argonauts, Amycus had had a feud with Lycus, king of Mysia, who was supported by He- racles, and in it Mydon, the brother of Amycus, fell by the hands of Heracles. (Apollod. ii. 5. § 9 ;