Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 1.djvu/168

Rh 150 AMPHILOCIIIUS. ascribe the foundation of this town to Alcmaeon (Strab. vii. p. 326), or to Amphilochus the son of Alcmaeon. (ApoUod. iii. 7. § 7.) Being a son of +he seer Amphiaraus, Amphilochus was likewise believed to be endowed with prophetic powers ; and at Mallos in Cilicia there was an oracle of Amphilochus, which in the time of Pausanias (i. 34. § 2) was regarded as the most truthful of all. {D'ict. of Ant. p. 673.) He was worshipped to- gether with his father at Oropus ; at Athens he had an altar, and at Sparta a heroum. (Paus. i. 34. § 2, iii. 15. ^ 6.) There are two other mythical personages of this name, one a grandson of our Amphilochus (ApoUod. iii. 7. § 7), and the other a son of Dryas. (Parthen. Erot. 27.) [L. S.] AMPHI'LOCHUS, of Athens, a writer on agriculture mentioned by Varro (7?. R. i. 1) and Columella (i. 1). Pliny also speaks of a work of liis " De Medica et Cytiso." (i/. A^. xviii. 16. B. 43.) AMPHILO'CHIUS {'kyi<pixtos metropo- litan of Cyzicus in the middle of the ninth cen- tury, to whom Photius, the patriarch of Constanti- nople, wrote several letters, and whose answers are still extant in manuscript. (Fabric. Bill. Graec. viii. p. 382.) AMPHILO'CHIUS, ST., bishop of Iconium, the friend of St. Basil and St. Gregory of Nazianzus, was born at Caesareia, and began life as a pleader. (Basnage, Annal. Politic. Eccl. iii. p. 145, A.; and Gallandii Bibliotk Patr. vol. vi. Prolegom. ; Epist, S. Greg. Nax. 9 [159]. Paris. 1840.) He lived in retirement with his father at Ozizalis in Cappa- docia, till he was summoned to preside over the see of Iconium in Lycaonia, or Pisidia 2<*% A. d. 373-4. St. Basil's Congratulatory Epistle on the occasion is extant. {Ep. 393, al. 161, vol. iii. p. 251, ed. Bened.) He soon after paid St. Basil a visit, and persuaded him to undertake his work finished a. d. 375-6. St. Basil's Canonical Epistles are addressed to St. Amphilochius {I. c. pp. 268, 290, 324, written a. d. 374, 375). The latter had received St. Basil's promised book on the Divinity of the Holy Ghost, when in A. d. 377 he sent a Bvnodical letter (extant, ap. Mansi's Co?icilia. vol, iii. p. 505) to certain bishops, probably of Lycia, infected with, or in danger ot, Macedonianism. The Arian persecution of the church ceased on the death of Valens (a. d. 378), and in 381, Amphi- lochius was present at the Oecumenical Council of Constantinople. While there, he signed, as a wit- ness, St. Gregory Nazianzen's will {0pp. S. Greg. p. 204, A. B.), and he was nominated with Optimus of Antioch in Pisidia as the centre of catholic com- munion in the diocese of Asia. In A. D. 383, he obtained from Theodosius a prohibition of Arian assemblies, practically exhibiting the slight other- wise put on the Son of God by a contemptuous treatment of the young Arcadius. (Fleury's Eccl. Hid. xviii. c. 27.) This same year he called a council at Side in Paraphylia, and condemned the Massalian heretics, who made the whole of religion consist in prayer. (Theodt. Haeret. FaJ). iv. 11.) In A. D. 394 he was at the Council of Constanti- nople [see AmiMON of Hadrianople], which con- firmed Bagadius in the see of Bostra. This is the last we hear of him. He died before the per- secution of St. Chrysostom, probably A. D. 395, and he is commemorated ou Nov. 23rd. His re- AMPHIMEDON. mains (in Greek) have been edited by Combefis, with those of Methodius of Patara and Andreas of Crete, fol. Par. 1644. Of Eight Homilies ascribed to him, some at least are supposititious (Gallandi gives /?yc among his works, vol. vi. Bihlioth. Pair.), as is the Life of St. Basil. There is attributed to him ail iambic poem of 333 verses (in reference to the Trinit}') addressed to Seleucus, nephew of St. Olympias (who had herself been brought up by Theodosia, sister to St. Amphilochius) and grand- son of the general Trajan, who perished with his master, Valens, at Hadrianople, a. d. 378. Gal- landi adds the testimony of Cosmas Indicopleustes (6th cent.) to that of John Damascene, Zonaras, and Balsamon, in favour of the authenticity of this poem. Combefis has collected his fragments (/. c. pp. 138-154), and Gallandi has added to them (/. c. p. 497, &c., and Proleg. p. 12). His work on the Holy Ghost is lost. (St. Jerome, de Script. Eccl. c. 133 ; Fabric. Bill. Graec. vol. viii. pp. 375 — 381.) St. Gregory Nazianzen states, that " by prayers, adoration of the Trinity, and sacrifices, he subdued the pain of diseases." (Carm. ad Vital, vol. ii. pp. 1030, V. 244.) The 9th, 25— 28th, 62nd, 171st, and 184th Epistles of St. Gregory are addressed to him. [A. J. C] AMPHILO'CHIUS, bishop of Side in Pam- phylia, who was present at the council of Ephesus, in which Nestorius was condemned, a. d. 421, and who was probably the author of some homilies that go under the name of Amphilochius of Ico- nium. (Phot. Cod. 52, p. 13, a., Cod. 230, p. 283, a., ed. Bekk. ; Labbeus, de Script Eccl. vol. i. p. 63.) AMPIIl'LYTUS i'AixcplKvTos), a celebrated seer in the time of Peisistratus. Plerodotus (i. 62) calls him an Acamanian, but Plato ( Tlieag. p. 1 24, d) and Clemens Alexandrinus {Strom, i. p. 333) speak of him as an Athenian. He may have been ori- ginally an Acarnanian, and perhaps received the franchise at Athens from Peisistratus. This sup- position removes the necessity of Valckenaer's emendation. {Ad Herod. I. c.) AMPHl'MACHUS {' hix(pifxaxos). 1. A son of Cteatus and Theronice, and grandson of Actor or of Poseidon. He is mentioned among the suit- ors of Helen, and was one of the four chiefs who led the Epeians against Troy. (ApoUod. iii. 10. § 8 ; Paus. V. 3. § 4 ; Hom. II. ii. 620.) He was slain by Hector. {11. xiii. 185, &c.) 2. A son of Nomion, who together with his bro- ther Nastes led a host of Carians to the assistance of the Trojans. He went to battle richly adorned with gold, but Avas thrown by Achilles into the Scamander. (Hom. //. ii. 870, &c.) Conon (A^ur- rat. 6) calls him a king of the Lycians. Two other mythical personages of this name oc- cur in ApoUod. ii. 4. § 5, and Paus. v. 3. § 4, [L.S.] AMPHl'MACHUS {' Kii<pipiaxos), obtained the satrapy of Mesopotamia, together with Arbelitis, in the division of the provinces by Antipater in b. c. 321. (Arrian, ap. Phot. p. 71, b., 26, ed. Bekker; Diod. xviii. 39.) AMPHl'MEDON {'A/xcpifxe^wv), a son of Me- laneus of Ithaca, Avith whom Agamemnon had been staying when he came to call upon Odysseus to join the Greeks against Troy, and whom he afterwards recognised in Hades. (Hom. Od. xxiv. 103, &c.) He was one of the suitors of Penelope, and was slain by Telemachus. {Od. xxii. 284.) Another mythical personage of this name occurs in Ovid. {Met. v. 75.) [L. S.]
 * 'n the Holy Ghost" (vol. iii. p. 1), which he