Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 1.djvu/1076

Rh 1058 DOLABELLA. DO'CIMUS or DOCI'MIUS. To a supposed Graeco-Roraan jurist of this name has been some- times attributed the authorship of a legal work in alphabetical order, called by Harmenopulus (§49) To iiiKpov Kara aroix^^ov^ and usually known by the name of Synopsis Minor. It is principally bor- rowed from a work of Michael Attaliata. A fragment of the work relating to the authority of the Leges Rhodiae, was published by S. Schardius (Basel 1561), at the end of the Naval Laws, and the same fragment appears in the collection of Leun- clavius {J. G. R. ii. p. 47"2). Pardessus has pub- lished some further fragments of the Synopsis Minor (Collection de Lois Afaritimes,, L pp. 164, 195 — 204), and Zachariae has given some ex- tracts from it {Hist. Jur. G. R. p. 76) ; but the greater part of the work is still in manuscript. Bach conjectures that the compilation of the Rho- dian laws themselves was made by Docimus {Hist. Jur. Rom. lib. iv. c. 1, sect 3. § 26, p. 638) ; but Zachariae is of opinion, that the only reason for attributing to him the authorship of the Synopsis Minor was, that the manuscript of Vienna, from which the fragment in Schardius and Leunclavius was published, once belonged to a person named Docimus. [J. T. G.] DODON (AwScei/), a son of Zeus by Europa, from whom the oracle of Dodona was believed to have derived its name. (Steph. Byz. s. t AojSoui'tj.) Other traditions traced the name to a nymph of the name of Dodone. [L. S.l DOLABELLA, sometimes written Dolobella, the name of a family of the patrician Cornelia gens. (Ruhnken, ad Veil. Pat. ii. 43.) 1. P. CORNELII'S DoLABELLA MaXIMUS, was consul in B. c. 283 with Cn. Domitius Calvinus, and in that year conquered the Senones, who had defeated the praetor L. Caecilius, and murdered the Roman ambassadors. Owing to the loss of the consular Fasti for that time we do not hear of his triumph, though he undoubtedly celebrated his victory by a triumph. In b. c. 279 he, together with C. Fabricius and Q. Aemilius, went to Pyrrhus as aml)assadors to eflfect an exchange of prisoners. ( Eutrop. ii. 6 ; Florus, i. 1 3 ; Appian, Samuit. 6, Gall. 1 1 ; Dionys. ExcerjH^ p. 2344, ed. Reiske, and p. 75, ed. Frankfurt.) 2. Cn. Cornelius Dolabella, was inaugu- rated in b. c. 208 as rej; sacrorum in the place of M. Marcius, and he held this office until his death in b. c. 180. (Liv. xxvii. 36, xl. 42.) 3. L. Cornelius Dolabella, was duumvir navalis in b. c. 180. In that year his kinsman, Cn. Cornelius Dolabella, the rex sjicrorum, died, and our Dolabella wanted to become his successor. But C. Servilius, the pontifex maxiraus, before in- augurating him, demanded of him to resign his office of duumvir navalis. When Dolabella re- fused to obey this command, the pontifex inflicted a fine upon him. Dolabella appealed against it to the people. Several tribes had already given their vote that Dolabella ought to obey, and that he should be released from the fine if he would resign the office of duumvir navalis, when some sign in the heavens broke up the assembly. This was a fresh reason for the pontiflfs refusing to inaugurate Dolabella. As duumvir navalis he and his col- league, C. Furius, had to protect the eastern coast of Italy with a fleet of twenty sail against the lUyrians. (Liv. xl. 42 ; xli. 5.) 4. Cn. Cornelius Dolabella, was curule DOLABELLA. aedile in B. c. 165, in which year he and his col- league, Sex. Julius Caesar, had the Hecyra of Te- rence performed at the festival of the Megalesia. In B. c. 159 he was consul with M. Fulvius No- bilior. (Title of Terent. Hecyr.; Suet. Vit. Te- rent. 5.) 5. Cn. Cornelius Dolabella, a grandson of No. 4, and a son of the Cn. Cornelius Dolabella who was put to death in b. c. 1 00, to<iether with the tribune Appuleius Saturiiinus. During the civil war between Marius and Sulla, Dolabella sided with the latter, and in B. c. 81, when Sulla was dictator, Dolabella was raised to the consul- ship, and afterwards received Macedonia for his province. He there carried on a successful war against the Thracians, for which he was rewarded on his return with a triumph. In B. c. 77, how- ever, young Julius Caesar charged him with having been guilty of extortion in his province, but he was acquitted. (Oros. v. 17 ; Plut. Sulla., 28, &c.; Appian, B. C i. 100; Suet. Caes. 4,49, 55 ; Veil. Pat. ii. 43 ; Aurel. Vict, de Vir. III. 78 ; Val. Max. viii. 9. § 3 ; Cic. in Pison. 19, Brut. 92, de Leg. Agr. ii. 14 ; Tacit. de Oral. 34 ; Gellius, xv. 28 ; Ascon. in Scaur. p. 29, in Cornel, p. 73, ed. Orelli.) 6. Cn. Cornelius Dolabella, was praetor urbanus, in b. c. 81, when the cause of P. Quin- tius was tried. Cicero charges him with having acted on that occasion unjustly and against all established usages. The year after he had Cilicia for his province, and C. Malleolus was his quaes- tor, and the notorious Verres his legate. Dolfi- bella not only tolerated the extortions and rob- beries committed by them, but shared in their booty. He was especially indulgent towards Verres, and, after Malleolus was murdered, he made Verres his proquaestor. After his return to Rome, Dolabella was accused by M. Aemilius Scaunis of extortion in his province, and on that occasion Verres not only deserted his accomplice, but furnished the accuser with all the necessary information, and even spoke himself publicly against Dolabella. Many of the crimes com- mitted by Verres himself were thus put to the account of Dolabella, who was therefore con- demned. He went into exile, and left his wife and children behind him in great poverty. (Cic. pro Quint. 2, 8 ; in Verr. i. 4, 15, 17, 29 ; Ascon. in Cornel, p. 110, ed. Orelli, who however con- founds him with No. 5.) 7. P. Cornelius Dolabella, was praetor ur- banus in B. c. 67 ; if, as is usually supposed, this be the year in which Cicero spoke for Aulus Cae- cina. (Cic. pro Cacc. 8.) He seems to be the same person as the Dolabella who is mentioned by Valerius Maximus, (viii. 1, Ambusiae, § 2,) as governor of Asia, with the title of proconsul. (Comp. Gell. xii. 7, where he bears the prae- nomen Cneius ; A mm. Marc. xxix. 2.) .-^8. P. Cornelius Dolabella, perhaps a son of No. 7, was one of the most profligate men of his time. He was born about B. c. 70, and is said to have been guilty, even in early youth, of some capital offences, which might have cost him his life, had not Cicero defended and saved him with great exertions. In B. c. 51, he was ap- pointed a member of the college of the quindec- itnviri, and the year following he accused Appius Claudius of having violated the sovereign rights of the people. AVhile this trial was going on, Fabia*