Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 1.djvu/1075

Rh DIVITIACUS. PIS, coutractotl fn)ra Divps, a nnme Mnictlmi'i* ffivcn to riiito, mid hence a§o to the lower world. (Cic. de j'ut. Deor. ii. 26; Virg. Aen. vi. 1*27 ; comp. Pluto.) [Ij. S.] DISA'RI US, a physimn, who may be supposed to have lived in the fifth century after Christ, and •who is introduced by Macrobius in his Saittmaliu (vii. 4) as discoursing on dietetics and the pnKess of digestion. [W. A. O.] DITALCO. fViRiATiius.] DIVKS, L. HAK'BIUS, was praetor in b. c. 1 89, and obtained the southern part of Spain for his province. On his way thither he was sur- rounded by Ligurians, who cut to pieces a great part of his forces : he himself was wounded, and escaped to Massilia, where however he died on the third day after. (Liv. xxxvii. 47, 50, 57.) [L. S.] DIVES, L. CANULEIUS, was appointed praetor in B. c. 171, and obtained Spain for his province. But before he went to his post, several Spanish tribes sent embassies to Kome to complain of the avarice and insolence of their Roman go- vemors. Hereupon L. Canuleius Dives was com- missioned to appoint five recuperatores of senato- rian rank to inquire into each particular case of extortion, and to allow the accused to choose their own pleaders. In consequence of the investiga- tions which were thus commenced, two men who had been praetors in Spain withdrew into voluntary exile. The pleaders, probably bribed by the guilty, contrived to suppress the whole inquiry, as men of rank and influence were in- volved in it. L. Canuleius likewise is not free from the suspicion of having assisted the pleaders, for he joined them in dropping the matter, and forthwith assembled his troops, and proceeded to his province. After his arrival in Spain, another in- teresting embassy was sent to Rome. Roman armies had for many years been stationed in Spain, and numbers of the soldiers had married Spanish women. At the time when Canuleius was in Spain, the number of persons who had sprung from such mar- riages is said to have amounted to upwards of 4000, and they now petitioned the senate to assign to them a town, where they might settle. The senate decreed that they should give in their names to Canuleius, .ind that, if he would manumit them, they were to settle as colonists at Carteia, where they were to form a colonia libertinorum. (Liv. xlii. 28, 31, xliii. 2, 3.) [L. S.] DI'VICO, a commander of the Helvetians in the war against L. Cassius, in a c. 107. Nearly fifty years later, B. c. 58, when J. Caesar was pre- paring to attack the Helvetians, they sent an em- bassy to him, headed by the aged Divico, Avhose courageous speech is recorded by Caesar. {B. G. i. 13 ; comp. Oros. v. 15 ; Liv. EpU. 65.) [L. S.] DIVITI'ACUS, an Aeduan noble, and brother of Dumnorix, is mentioned by Cicero ( delXv. i. 41) as belonging to the order of Druids, and professing much knowledge of the secrets of nature and of divi- nation. He was a warm adherent of the Romans and of Caesar, who, in consideration of his earnest entreaties, pardoned the treason of Dumnorix in B. c. 58. In the same year he took the most pro- minent part among the Gallic chiefs in requesting Caesar's aid against Ariovistus [see p. 287] ; he had, some time before, gone even to Rome to ask the senate for their interference, but without success. It was probably during this visit that he was the gueet of Cicero {de Div. I. c). Throughout, Caesar D0CIMU8 10.57 placed the greatest confidence in him, and in H. c. 57, pardoned, at his intercession, the Bellovad, who had joined with the rest of the Belgians in their conspiracy. (Cacs. //. O. i. 3, 10-20, 31, .32, ii. 5, 14, 15. vi. 12, vii. 39; Plut. Caet. 19 ; Dion Cass, xxxviii. 34, &c.) [E. E.] DIURFANEUS. [Dbcebalus.] DIUS (Alos), the author of a history of the Phoenicians, of which a fragment concerning Solo- mon and Hiram is preserved in Josephus. {cApion. i. 17.) There was also a Pythagorean philosopher Dius, who wrote a work irtpl KaWovrjs^ of which two fragments are preserved in Stobaeus. (Tit. Ixv. 16, 17.) [L.S.] DI YLLUS (AiuXAoy), an Athenian, who wrote a history of Greece and Sicily in 26 or 27 books. It was divided apparently into several parts, the first of which extended from the seizure of the Delphic temple by Philomelus (where the history of Callisthenes ended) to the siege of Perinthus,by Philip (b. c. 357 — 340), and the second from B. c. 340 to 336, the date of Philip's death. The work was carried on, according to Diodorus, down to B.C. 298, from which period Psaon, of Plataea, continued it. If we accede to Casaubon's substitution of AivWos for Aidvfioiy in Diog. Laert. v. 76, we must reckon also a work on drinking-parties {^(TvfivoffiaKa.) among the writings of Diyllus. The exact period at which he flourished cannot be ascer- tained, but he belongs to the age of the Ptolemies. (Diod. xvi. 14, 76, xxi., Fragm. 5, p. 490 ; Plut. de Herod. Mai. 26 ; Ath. iv. p. 155, a, xiii. p. 593, f ; Maussac. ad Harpocrat. s. v. 'Apto-rtwi'; Wesse- ling, ad Diod. xvi. 1 4 ; Clinton, F. H. vol. ii. sub ann. 357, 339, 298, p. 377.) [E. E.) DIYLLUS (AtvAA<{s), a Corinthian statuarj', who, in conjunction with Amyclaeus, executed the greater part of the bronze group which the Pho- cians dedicated at Delphi. (Pans. x. 13. $ 4 ; Amvclakus ; Chioms.) [P. S.] DO'CIMUS (Ao'kj/ixos), one of the officers in the Macedonian army, who after the death of Alexander supported the party of Perdiccas. After the death of Perdiccas he united with Attains and Alcetas, and was taken prisoner together with the former when their combined forces were defeated by Antigonus in Pisidia, B. c. 320. (Diod. xviii. 45, Polyaen. iv. 6. § 7.) The captives were confined in a strong fort, but, during the expedi- tion of Antigonus against Eumenes, they con- trived to overpower their guards, and make them- selves masters of the fortress. Docimus, however, having quitted the castle to carry on a negotiation with Stratonice, the wife of Antigonus, was again made prisoner. (Diod. xix. 16.) He appears after this to have entered the service of Antigonus, as we find him in 313 B. c. sent by that prince with an army to establish the freedom of the Greek cities in Cari.a. (Diod. xix. 75 ; Droysen, Hellenismus^ vol. i. p. 358.) In the campaign pre- ceding the battle of Ipsus, he held the strong for- tress of Synnada in Phrygia in charge for Anti- gonus, but was induced to surrender it into the hands of Lysimachus. (Diod. xx, 107 ; Pau- san. i. 8. $ 1.) It is probable that he had been governor of the adjoining district for some time : and he had founded there the city called after him Docimeium. (Steph. Byz. *. v. AoKip.ftot Droy- sen, Hellenismus, vol. ii. p. 665 ; Eckhel, iii. p. 151.) His name is not mentioned after the fall of Antigonus. [E, H. B.]