Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 1.djvu/1074

Rh 1056 DIPHRIDAS. Maivoufuos (Poll X. 18): Mvij/jloltiov (Ath. iii. p. 124, d.): UcuSepatTTai (Ath. x. p. 423, e.) : riaAAa/fT} (Etym. Mag. p. 206, 16): UapdcriTos (Ath.^ vi. pp. 236, b., 238, f., 247, d., x. p. 422, b.) : IleAjaScs (Ath. iv. p. 156, f.) : UidpavarTis, proba- bly for TiOpavar-ns (Ath. xiii. p. 484, e.) : IlKivdo- ^opos (Antiatt. p. 101.4; and perhaps Eustath. ad IJom. p. 1479. 46): UoXvTrpiyuwv (Ath. vi. p. 225, a.; Phot. s. v. payZaios) : Tlvppa (Amraon. Dif. Verb. p. 61) : 2o7r<^w (Ath. xi. p. 487, a., xiii. p. 599, d.) : '2.ik(Kik6s (Poll. ix. 81), which, iiowever, belongs perhaps to Philemon : Sxe- ^ia (Etym. Mag. p. 683, 24, corrected by Gais- ford) : 'S.vvairoQvififfKoirris., which was translated by Plautus under the title of Commorientes, and partly followed by Terence in his Adelphi. (Te- rent. Prol. Adelph. 10; see Meineke, Menand. et Philem. Reliq. p. 1): '2,6pTpo(ppoi (Harpoc. p. bb. 8): Svj'wpis, of which there were two editions (Ath. vi. p. 247, a. c, xiv. p. 657, c.; Phot. s. v. (pifjLoi ; llarpocr. p. 1 82.' 3) : TeX^aias (Ath. xiv. p. 640, d.) : ^ptap (Stob. Flor. cxvi. 32): OtAaSeA^os or *jAo- Se<poi (Antiatt. p. 80. 29, 110. 17) : Xpvcox6os (Phot. s. r. oTTo/o). There are other fragments, Avhich cannot be assigned to their proper places. The Rudeiis of Plantiis is a translation of a play of Diphilus {Prol. 32), but the title of the Greek play is not known. (Meineke, Frag. Com. Grace. i. pp. 445 — 457, iv. pp. 375 — 430.) 3. A grammarian, of Laodiceia, wrote upon the Therhca of Nicander. (Ath. vii. p. 314, d., and in other passages; Casaubon, ad Ath. vii. c. 18, p. 547; Schol. ad Theocr. x. 1, p. 141.) 4. A tragedian, exhibited at Rome in the time of Cicero, whom he grievously offended by apply- ing to Pompey, at the ApoUinarian games (b.c. 59), the words " Nostra raiscria tu es Magnus," and other allusions, which the audience made him re- peat again and airain. (Cic. ad Alt. ii. 19. § 3; Val. Max. vi. 2. §9.) fP. S.] DI'PHILUS, philosophers. 1. Of Bosporus, n Megaric philosopher, a disciple of Euphantus and Stilpo. (Diog. Laert. ii. 113.) 2. A Stoic, of Bithynia, son of Demetrius, and contemporary with Panaetius. (Ibid. v. 84.) 3. Another Stoic, suriiamcd Labyrintluis, the teacher of Zeno, the son of Aristacnetus. (Lucian, Co7iriv. 6 et passim.) [P. S.] DI'PHILUS, an architect, who wrote on me- chanical powers. (Vitruv. vii. Pracf.) He seems to have been the same who tried the patience of Cicero. {EpL< ad Q. F. iii. 1, 1, iii. 9) [P. S.] DI'PHILUS {Ai(piKos). 1. A physician of Siphnus, one of the Cyclades, who was a contem- porary of Lysimachus, king of Thrace, about the beginning of the third century bc. (Athen.ii.p. 51.) He wrote a work entitled, UepX twv Upoacpepofisvwv To7s "Noaovai Koi to7s 'Tyia'ipoucri, " On Diet fit for Persons in good and bad Health" (A then. iii. § 24. p. 82), which is frequently quoted by Athenaeus, liut of which nothing remains but the short frag- ments preserved by him. (ii. pp. 51, 54,55, 56,&c.) 2, A native of Loadiceia, in Fhrygia, mention- ed by Athenaeus (vii. p. 314) as having written a commentary on Nicander's Theriaca^ and who must, therefore, have lived between the second century be- fore and the third century after Christ. [ W. A. G.] Dl'PHKIDAS (Aid;pt5as), a Lacedaemonian, was sent out to Asia, in b. c. 391, after the death of Thibron, to gather together the relics of his army, and, liaving raised fresh troops, to protect DIRCE. the states that were friendly to Sparta, and prose- cute the war with Struthas. With manners no less agreeable than those of his predecessor, he had more steadiness and energy of character. He therefore soon retrieved the affairs of Lacedaemon, and, having captured Tigranes, the son-in-law of Struthas, together with his wife, he obtained a large ransom for their release, and was thus enabled to raise and support a body of mercenaries. (Xen. Hell. iv. 8. §§ 21, 22.) Diphridas, the Ephor, who is mentioned by Plutarch {Ages. 17) as being sent forward to meet Agesilaus, then at Narthacium in Thessaly, and to desire him to advance at once into Boeotia, B. c. 394. (Comp. Xen. Hell. iv. 3. vj 9.) The name Diphridas, as it seems, should be substituted for Diphilas in Diod. xiv. 97. [E. E.] DIPOENUS and SCYLLIS (AiVoii/os koI '^KvKXis very ancient Greek statuaries, who are always mentioned together. They belonged to the style of art called Daedalian. [Daedalus.] Pausanias says that they were disciples of Daeda- lus, and, according to some, his sons. (ii. 15. § 1, iii. 17. § 6.) There is, however, no doubt that they were real persons; but they lived near the end, instead of the beginning, of the period of the Daedalids. Pliny says that they were born in Crete, during the time of the Median empire, and before the reign of Cyrus, about the 50th Olym- piad (b. c. 580 : the accession of Cyrus was in B. c. 559). Prom Crete they went to Sicyon, which was for a long time the chief seat of Grecian art. There they were employed on some statues of the gods, but before these statues were finished, the artists, complaining of some wrong, betook themselves to the Aetolians. The Sicyonians were immediately attacked by a famine and drought, which, they were informed by the Delphic oracle, would only be removed when Dipoenus and Scyllis should finish the statues of the gods, which they were induced to do by great rewards and favours. Tlie statues were those of Apollo, Artemis, Hera- cles, and Athena (Plin. //. N. xxxvi. 4.§ 1 ), whence it seems likely that the whole group represented the seizure of the tripod, like that of Amyclakus. Pliny adds that Ambracia, Argos, and Cleonae, were full of the works of Dipoenus. (§ 2.) He also says ($$ 1, 2), that these artists were the first who were celebrated for sculpturing in marble, and that they used the white marble of Paros. Pausa- nias mentions, as their works, a statue of Athena, at Cleonae (/. c), and at Aigos a group represent- ing Castor and Pollux with their wives, Elaeira and Phoebe, and their sons, Anaxis and Mnasi- noiis. The group was in ebony, except some few parts of the horses, which were of ivory. (Pans. ii. 22. § 6.) Clement of Alexandria mentions these statues of the Dioscuri, and also statues of Hercules of Tiryns and Artemis of Munychia, at Sicyon. {Protrcp. p. 42. 15; corap. Plin. I.e.) The disciples of Dipoenus and Scyllis were Tec- taeus and Aiigelion, Lcarchxis of Rhegium, Dory- cleidas and his brother Medon, Dontas, and Theo- cles, who were all four Lacedaemonians. (Pans. ii. 32. §4, iii. 17. § 6, V. 17. §1, vi.l9. §9.)[P.S.] DIRCE (Ai'p/cTj), a daughter of Helios and wife of Lycus. Rcsjjocting her story, see Amphion, p. 151, a. Her body was changed by Dionysus, in whose service she had been engaged, into a well on mount Cithaeron. (Hygin. Fab. 7.) A small river near Thebes likewise received its name from her. (Pans. ix. 25. § 3.) [L. S.]