Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 1.djvu/1073

Rh DIPHILUS. The epipramB under the name of Diotimus were in- cluded in the Garland of Meleugcr. (Jacobs, xiii. 888.) [P.S.] DIOTI'MUS (A«rfT«MO$), a physician of Thcbe*, irho«eab«nrd and superstitious remedies are quoted by Pliny (//. N. xxviii. 23), and who must, there- fore, have lived in or before the first century after Christ. [W. A. O.] DIOTO'OENES (AjoT07t.T7s), a Pythagorean philosopher, who wrote a work itfpi oVjotittov, of which three fragnu'nts are preserved in Stobaeus (tit V. 69, xliii. 9.% 130), and another ir«pi /3a<n- Aefat, of which two considerable fragments are likewise extant in Stobaeus (xlviii. 61,G"J). [L.S. I DIO'TREPHKS (AioT^f<^s, Thucyd. viii. 64)' was sent, B.c.411,by the oligarchical revolutionists in the Athenian army at Samoa, to take charge of the subject states in the neighbourhood of Thrace, and took the first step in pursuance of their policy towards the allies by establishing oligarchy at Thasos. Nicostratus, the general who fell at Man- tineia, was son of a Diotrephes (Thuc. iv. 119): this therefore perhaps was a Diotrephes, son of Nicostratus. If so, it is an additional reason for thinking him distinct from Diitrephes, the destroyer of Mvcalessus. [Diitrephes.] [A, H. C] DIO'TREPHES (Ajorpff^Tjs), a rhetorician of high repute in his day (<ro^icrr»)s isvho^os), bom at Antioch on the Maeander. Hybreas, who was contemporary with Strabo, was his pupil. (Strab. xiii. p. 630, xiv. p. 659.) [E. E.] DIOXIPPE, (AiwIiTTTnj,) the name of four m}-- thological beings. (Hvgin. Praef., Fab. 154, 163, 181; ApoUod.ii. 2. §5.) [L. S.] DIOXIPPUS (AtwIiTTTToy), an Athenian comic poet of the new comedy (Suid. s. v.), wrongly called Dexippus in another passage of Suidas, (.«. v. KwpvKoios) and by Eudocia (p. 132). Suidas and Eudocia mention his AprnropvoSocrKSs, of which a line and a half are preserved by Athenaeus (iii. p. 100, e.), 'lAos), commanded the thirty- three Athenian ships which, at the time of the passage of the second armament to Sicily, were posted at Naupactus to prevent, if possible, the transport of reinforcements to the Syracusans. He was attacked near Erineus by a squadron, chiefly Corinthian, of slightly inferior numbers; and though the victory, in a technical sense, was, if anywhere, on his side, yet he sank but three of the enemy's ships, and had six of his own dis- abled ; and that Phormio's countrymen should, in the scene of his achievements, effect no more, was, as was felt by both parties, a severe moral defeat. (Thuc. vii. 34.) [A. H. C] DI'PHILUS (Ai>Aos). 1. The author of a poem entitled ©t/cttjIs, and of scurrilous poems in choliambics. (Schol. Pind. Olymp. x. 83 ; Schol. Aristoph. Nub. 96.) From the latter passage it ap- petirs that he lived before Eupolis and Aristophanes. (Meineke, Hist. Crit. Com. Grace, pp. 448, 449 ; Vossius, de Hist. Grace, p. 434, ed. Westermann.) DIPHILUS. 1055 2. One of the principal Athenian comic poets of the new comedy, and a contemporary of Menander and Philemon, was a native of Sinope. (Strab. xii. p. 54G ; Anon, de Com. pp. xxx. xxxi.) He wa« a lover of the courtezan Onathaena, and seem* sometimes to have attacked her in his comedies when under the influence of jealousy. (Machon and Lynceus Samius, ap. Athen. xiii. pp. 579, f., 580, a., 583, f.) He was not, however, perfectly constant. (Alciph. Ep. i. 37.) He is said to have exhibited a hundred plays (Anon. /. c), and some- times to have acted himself. (Athen. xiii. p. 583, f.) Though, in point of time, Diphilus belonged to the new comedy, his poetry seems to have had more of the character of the middle. This is shewn, among other indications, by the frequency with which he chooses inytliological subjects for his plays, and by his bringing on the stage the poets Archilochus, Hipponax, and Sappho. (Ath. xi. p. 487, a., xiii. p. 599, d.) His language is simple and elegant, but it contains many depar- tures from Attic purity. Respecting his metres, see Meineke. {Hist. Crit. pp. 443, 444, 448.) The following are the plays of Diphilus, of which we have fragments or titles : "Ayvoia (Ath. ix. p. 401, a., XV. p. 700, d.), which was .ilso as- cribed to Calliades : 'ASe<poi (Ath. xi. p. 499, d- e. ; Poll. X. 72 ; Stob. Flor. cviii. 9) : 'Aflir. rpia (Etym. Mag. p. 61, 10), which was also the title of a play of Antiphanes, by others ascribed to Alexis: "Afiacrrpis (Suid. s. v. 'AOTjvcuas) : Alpim- Tet'x'js, of which there was a second edition by Callimachus under the title of Y.vvovxos or St/ki- TiecTTjj (Ath. xi. p. 496, e., xv. 700, e. ; Antiatti- cista, pp. 95. 17, 100. 31, 101. 29): the principal character in this play seems to have been such as Pyrgopolinices in the Miles Gloriosus of Plautus, which was perhaps taken from the play of Diphilus : 'Avdyvpos (Schol. Ven. ad II. i. 123 ; corrupted in Etym. Magn. p. 744. 48, and Eustath. p. 740. 20): 'AracrojfoVci'oj (Ath. xi. p. 499, c; Antiatt p. 84. 25): "AttAtjcttos (Ath. ix. p. 370, e.): 'ATrogcTTjy, (Ilarpocrat. p. 41. 3; Antiatt. p. 101. 10): 'Airo- Anrovaa, also ascribed to Sosippus, whose name is otherwise unknown (Ath. iv. pp. 132, e., 133, f. ; Poll.x. 12): Baau(7ou {Ath. X. p. 446, d.; Antiatt. p. 108. 32) : BojtoT(os (Ath. x. p. 417, e.) : Tdfios (Ath. vi. p. 254, e. ; and perhaps in Diog. Laert. ii. 120, Ai<p[ov should be substituted for 2w<^iAou; see Menagius, ad loc. and Meineke, Hist. Crit. pp. 425, 426) : Aaj/oiSes (Erot. gloss. Harpoc. p. 116): Aia^cprdi'oi/cra (Ath. iii. p. 1 1 1, e.) : 'i.yKaKoJVTis (Antiatt. p. 110. 18) : 'EKdrr] (Ath. xiv. p. 645, a.; and perhaps Poll. x. 72 ; see Meineke, p. 453) : 'Eevq(popox)pres (Ath. vi. p. 223, a.) : 'EAAejSopt- ^ofxevoi (Antiatt. p. 100. 12) : "E^iropos (Ath. vi. pp. 226, e., 227, e., vii. p. 316, f. ; Etym. Mag. p. 490. 40, a gap being supplied from the Cod. Barocc. ap. Bekker, Anecd. p. 1445; Harpocrat. p. 130. 22) : 'Evayi^ovrts (Ath. iv. p. 165, f.) or '''E.vayl- ypd(pos (Ath. vi. p. 2a0, f, vii. p. 291, f. ; Stob. Flor. cv. 5) : 'HpaucKrjs (Ath. x. p. 421, e.): 'Hpws (Ath. ix. p. 371, a.) : &n(Tavp6s (Stob. Flor. xii. 12) : 0Tj(T6us (Ath. vi. p. 262, a., x. p. 451, b.) : KtdapwSos (Poll. X. 38, 62) : KKrjpovfjifvot, of which the Casiiia of Plautus is a translation {Prolog. 31 ): ArifwUu (Ath. yi. p. 307, £, coinp. iv. p. 1 68, b.) ;