Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 1.djvu/1011

Rh DERCYLIJDAS. die n^cfi and even down to the middle of last cen- tury, tho inhabitants of Reato (Rieti) and Intc- runna (Tcrni) had from time to time very serious disputes about the canal. (J. II. Westphal, Die li't'm. Ca7up<t</ne, p. 1 30. Comp. Liv. Ejnt. 1 1 — 14 ; Polyb. ii. 19 ; Oros. iii. *2;J, iv. 2 ; Kutrop. ii. 5, 1 4 ; Floras, i. 18 ; Val. Max. iv. 3. § 5, vi, 3. § 4 ; Varro, L. L. p. 280 ed. Bip, ; Plut. Pyrrh. 20, Apophth. fmjx-r. 1, Cat. mat. 2; Plin. //. A'', xvi. 73, xviii. 4; Zonaras, viii. 6; Cic. lirut. 14, de &wct. 1 3, 1 6, de Re PiM. iii. 28, de Amicit. 5, 1 1 ; Ilorat. Carm. i. 12. 37, &c. ; Juven. xi. 78, &c. ; Appul. Apolog. p. 431, ed. Bosscha.) [L. S.] DENTER, CAECI'LIUS. 1. L. Caecilius Dknter, was consul in b. c. 284, and praetor the year after. In this capacity he fell in the war against the Senones and was succeeded by M'. Curius Dentatus. (Liv. Epit. 12 ; Oros. iii. 22 ; Polyb. ii. 19 ; Fast. Sicul.) Fischer in his ^onmcA. Zeitiafeln makes him praetor and die in B. c. 285, and in the year following he has him again as con- sul. Drumann {Gesch. Ro7ns, ii. p. 18) denies the identity of the consul and the praetor, on the ground that it was not customary for a person to hold the praetorship the year after his consulship ; but examples of such a mode of proceeding do occur (Liv. x. 22, xxii. 35), and Drumann's ob- jection thus falls to the ground. 2. L. Caecilius Dexter, was praetor in b. c. 182, and obUiined Sicily for his province. (Liv. xxxix. 56, xl. 1.) 3. M. Caecilius Denter, one of the ambas- sadors who were sent, in B. c. 173, to king Perseus to inspect the affairs of Macedonia, and to Alex- andria to renew the friendship with Ptolemy. (Liv. xlii. 6.) [L. S.] DENTER, LI'VIUS. 1. C. Lmus Denter, magister equitura to tiie dictator C. Claudius Cras- sinus Regillcnsis in b. c. 348. (Fast) 2. M. Livius Denter, was consul, in b. c. 302, with M. Aemilius Paullus. In that year the war against the Aequians was renewed, but the Roman consuls were repulsed. In b. c. 299 he was among the first plebeians that were admitted to the office of pontiff, and in this capacity he accompanied P. Decius, and dictated to him the formula, under which he devoted himself to a voluntary death for the good of his country, P. Decius at the same time requested M. Livius Denter to act as praetor. (Liv. x. 1,9, 28, 29.) [L. S.] DENTO, ASI'NIUS, a person whom Cicero (ad Att. V. 20) calls nobilis sui generis, was primus pilus under M. Bibulus, in b. c. 51, and was killed near mount Amanus. [L. S.] DEO (Arjw), another name for Demeter. (Hom. Hifinn. in Dem. 47 ; Aristoph. Plut. 515 ; Soph. Aniiq. 1121; Orph. Hymn. 38. 7; Apollon. Rhod. iv. 988 ; Callim. Hymn, in Cer. 1 33 ; Schol, ad Theocrit. vii. 3.) The patronymic form of it, Deiois, Deoine, or Deione, is therefore given to Demeter's daughter, Persephone. (Ov. Met. vi. 114; Athcn. X. p. 449.) [L. S.] DEOMENEIA (Arjo/ieVeia), a daughter of Ar- eas, a bronze statue of whom was erected at Mantineia. (Pans. viii. 9. § 5.) [L. S.] DERCY'LLIDAS (Afp/cuAAi'Sas). 1. A Spar- tan, was sent to the Hellespont in the spring of B. c. 411 to excite the cities there to revolt from Athens, and succeeded in bringing over Abydus and Lanipsacus, the latter of which, however, was almost immediately recovered by the Athenians DERCYLLTDAS. 993 under Strombichidcs. (Thuc. viii. Gl, fi2.) In B. c. 399 he was sent to supersede Thibron in tho command of the army which was employed in the protection of the Asiatic Greeks against Persia. On his arrival, he took advantage of the jealousy between Pham.ibazus and Tissaphemes to divide their forces, and having made a truce with the latter, proceeded against the midland Aeolis, the satrapy of Phamabazus, towards whom he enter- tained a personal dislike, as having been once subjected through his means to a military punish- ment when he was harmost at Abydus under Lysander. In Aeolis he gained possession of nine cities in eight days, together with the treasures of Mania, the late satrapess of the province. [Mania; Meidias.] As he did not wish to burden his allies by wintering in their countrj', he concluded a truce with Phamabazus, and marched into Bi- thynia, where he maintained his army by plunder. In the spring of 398 he left Bithynia, and was met at Larapsacus by Spartan commissioners, who announced to him the continuance of his command for another year, and the satisfaction of the home government with the discipline of his troops as contrasted with their condition under Thibron. Having heard from these commissioners that the Greeks of the Thracian Chersonesus had sent an embassy to Sparta to ask for aid against the neigh- bouring barbarians, he said nothing of his inten • tion, but concluded a further truce with Phai-na- bazus, and, crossing over to Europe, built a wall for the protection of the peninsula. Then return- ing, he besieged Atameus, of which some Chian exiles had taken possession, and reduced it after an obstinate defence. Hitherto there had been no hostilities between Tissaphemes and Dercyllidas, but in the next year, b. c. 397, ambassadors came to Sparta from the lonians, representing that by an attack on Caria, where the satrap's own pro- perty lay, he might be driven into acknowledging their independence, and the ephori accordingly desired Dercyllidas to invade it. Tissaphemes and Phamabazus now united their forces, but no engagement took place, and a negotiation was en- tered into, Dercyllidas demanding the independ- ence of the Asiatic Greeks, the satraps the with- drawal of the Lacedaemonian troops. A truce was then made till the Spartan authorities and the Persian king should decide respectively on the requisitions. In B. c. 396, when Agesilaus crossed into Asia, Dercyllidas was one of the three who were commissioned to ratify the short and hollow armistice with Tissaphemes. After this, he ap- pears to have returned home. In B. c. 394 he was sent to carry the news of the battle of Corinth to Agesilaus, whom he met at Amphipolis, and at whose request he proceeded with the intelligence to the Greek cities in Asia which had fumished the Spartans with troops. This service, Xenophon says, he gladly undertook, for he liked to be ab- sent from home, — a feeling possibly arising from the mortifications to which, as an unmarried man (so Plutarch tells us), he was subjected at Spartxi. (See Diet, of Ant. p. 597.) He is said to have been characterized by roughness and cunning, — qualities denoted respectively by his nicknames of "Scythus" and "Sisyphus," if indeed the fomier of tliese be not a corrupt reading in Athenaeus for the second. (Xen. Hell. iii. 1. ^$ 8—28, ii. $$ 1 —20, 4. ^ 6, iv. 3. $$ 1—3, Anub. v. 6. $ 24; Diod. xiv.'38 ; Plut. Lye. 15 ; Athen. xi. p. 500, c) 3 s