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painted landscape with figures. In 1813- 1816 he exhibited with the Water-Colour Society, which was then open to the pro- fession. In 1839 he exhibited at the Royal Academy 'A View of Dovedale.' His name does not appear again in the catalogue till 1849, when he sent— his last contribution — * Evening after Rain : a Luggage Train preparing to Start/ and ' Dawn of Day: Foraging Party returning.' He died at Liverpool, January 1854.

BARBER, Christopher, miniature painter. Practised with some repute, both in crayons and miniature, and in oil. He was careful in the mediums he used and in the preparation of his colours, and attained much brilliancy. He was a member of the Incorporated Society of Artists in 1763, but was expelled in 1766, having exhibited with the opposing society. In 1770 he was living in St. Martin's Lane, and exhibited for the first time at the Academy miniature portraits in oil, fol- lowed by small half-lengths, conversation pieces, and some landscapes, continuing an occasional exhibitor up to 1792. He was a great enthusiast in music, and a man of much ingenuity. He died in Great Marylebone Street, March 8, 1810, aged 74.

BARBER, J., medallist. He executed in 1814 a good medal of 'Europa/ and earned a reputation by many fine memorial medals. He exhibited at the Academy t in 1825, ' A Group of Horses/ an impression from a die; and in 1838, 'A Medallic Portrait of the Queen/

BARBER, John Vincent, landscape painter. Was the son of Joseph Barber, who taught drawing in Birmingham to- wards the end of the 18th century, and died there in 1811. He exhibited at the Academy, in 1812, 'Cattle and Landscape ;' in 1828. ( Lake Lugano' and ' The Golden Age;' m 1829, ' Morning ;' and in 1830, 'Gypsies' and 'Evening'— his last ex- hibited works. He died at Rome a few years after. He made drawings, in con- junction with some of our eminent water- colour painters,' for the ' Graphic Illustra- tions of Warwickshire/ published in 1829.

BARBER, Thomas, portrait painter. He was apprenticed to a house painter in Nottingham, and showing signs of superior ability, he came to Lonaon to study, and was assisted to receive some instruction from Sir Thomas Lawrence. He practised at Nottingham about 1810, ana in that and the following years was an exhibitor at the Royal Academy. In 1819 he was residing at Derby, and exhibited at the Academy a portrait of Mrs. Siddons; in 1823, two portraits of young ladies; in 1824, ' The Sisters.' In 1829 he was still residing at Derby, and was for the last time a contributor to the exhibition. He 22

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was well known and encouraged in the Midland Counties, and possessed a local reputation ; but his portraits, though show- ing the influence of Lawrence, were weak, and had little character. He also painted several landscape views. He died at Nottingham, September 12, 1843, aged 75, and was buried in the cemetery there. He is said to have made a considerable sum by his profession.

BARBOR, Lucius, miniature painter. He lived in the Haymarket, and practised in oil, but chiefly in enamel, and gained a reputation by his clever miniatures. He exhibited at the Spring Gardens Exhibi- tions. He died November 7, 1767, and left a widow in distress, who was assisted by the Incorporated Society of Artists.

BARCLAY, Hugh, miniature painter. Born in London in 1797, and practised his art there, and also in Paris, where he was much engaged in making copies in the Louvre from the great Italian masters. He died in 1859.

BARWELL, John, amateur. Was born at Norwich, 18 Oct. 1798, and died there 27 Feb. 1876. He painted in oil and water- colour. His portrait of William Taylor of Norwich was exhibited in Lord Derby's loan collection in 1868.

BARDWELL, Thomas, portrait painter. Chiefly employed as a copyist. He painted a picture of ' Dr. Ward (who was caricatured by Hogarth) relieving his Sick and Lame Patients,' which was en- graved in 1748-49 ; and in 1744 a portrait of Admiral Vernon, from which there is a mezzo-tint. In the University Galleries, Oxford, there are full-length portraits by him of the Earl and Countess of Pomf ret. His name is remembered by his book, ' The Practice of Painting and Perspective made Easy/ which he published by exclusive licence from the Crown in 1756. He died about 1780.

BARENGER, James, animal painter. His father (born 1745, died 1813) was brought up a chaser, and was known by his drawings of insects in water-colours. His mother was a sister of Woollett, the engraver. He was born December 25, 1780, and gained a reputation as a painter of running horses. He also painted park scenery, introducing deer, other animals, and birds. He exhibited at the Royal Academy, and was about 1820, while giving his address at Messrs. Tattersalls, largely employed in painting the portraits of horses and dogs. He continued an occasional exhibitor at the Academy up to 1831.

BARKER, Benjamin, animal painter. Native of Newark. Was educated for the bar. Ran through a considerable property, and then turned artist. He became known as a horse painter, but his works did not