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last new church in the Metropolis was that of St. Mary Abbot's, Kensington, which remained unfinished at his death. But he undertook many secular buildings besides these. He was, in conjunction with Sir Dieby Wyatt, the architect of the New India Omce, and he also built the New Foreign Office, and the Home and Colonial Offices. He restored Exeter, Merton, and New Colleges at Oxford, and carried on extensive alterations to St. John's College, Cambridge. He designed the New Mid- land Railway Station at St. Pancras, the Town Hall at Preston, and a great number of private residences in all parts of the country. He was also appointed by the Queen to be architect to the National Memorial to the Prince Consort erected in Hyde Park. He was elected an associate of the Royal Academy in 1852, and a full member in 1860, and received besides the honour of knighthood. He was the author of several works upon his own branch of art, such as ' Remarks on Secular and Do- mestic Architecture/ published in 1850; and * Conservation of Ancient Architectural Monuments/ 1864. He was Professor of Architecture at the Academy, and founded the Architectural Museum, now in West- minster. While we owe much to him from the impetus he gave to Gothic architecture in this country, his works are rather marked by their clinging to precedent than by any great originality of conception. He died almost suddenly, from heart disease, in South Kensington, London, March 27, 1878, aged 67.
 * Gleanings from'Westmmster Abbey/ 1862 ;

SCOTT, William, water-colour painter. He resided all his life at Brighton, and painted the home scenery and cottages of Sussex and Surrey, seldom straying beyond. In 1811 he was elected an associate exhi- bitor of the Water-Colour Society, and continued a contributor to the Society's exhibitions to 1850. He published, in 1812, six * Etchings on Stone/ to imitate drawings in black and white.

SCOTT, Miss, water-colour painter. Daughter of the foregoing, who practised at Brighton. She was elected a member of the Water-Colour Society in 1823, and was yearly an exhibitor of flowers and fruit up to 1834, when she married a Mr. Brooksbank, and in that name continued to exhibit up to 1839.

SCO UG AL,, portrait painter. A

Scotch artist, who practised with much repute in Scotland in the reign of Charles II. He was a pupil of Sir Peter Lely, and in his manner painted many of his Scottish ladies. But the accounts of him are obscure and conflicting.

SCOUGAL, George, portrait painter. He was the son of the foregoing, and brought up to art, but was inferior to his 384

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father. He practised for many years after the Revolution, and standing almost alone in Scotland was much employed. Yet his portraits were stiff in manner, careless in finish, and incorrect in likeness.

SCOULAR, William, sculptor. He studied in the Trustees' Academy, Edin- burgh, and in London, where he first ex- hibited a bust, in 1815, and in 1817 gained the Academy gold medal for an alto-relievo of 'The Judgment of Paris.' He con- tinued to exhibit busts, wax portraits, and occasionally a classic group, and in 1825 was sent to Rome with the Academy tra- velling studentship. He sent from thence to the Academy exhibition, in 1826, ' Adam and Eve bewailing the Death of At)el/ and was the same year appointed sculptor in ordinary to the Duke and Duchess of Clarence. From that time till 1834 he did not exhibit He had purchased the busi- ness of Sarti, a well-known Italian modeller, but this not succeeding he appears again as an exhibitor, contributing busts ; in 1838, 'Paris and Helen/ a marble statue of 'Sir Walter Scott/ and continued to exhibit, sending several groups in marble, up to 1846.

SCOULER, James, miniature painter. He received a Society of Arts' premium for a drawing in 1755, and was then about 14 years of age. Exhibited with the Society of Artists in 1761-62, and was a member of the Free Society 1763. On the foundation of the Royal Academy he was a constant exhibitor of miniatures with that body up to the year 1787, and occasionally contributed a work in crayons or a group.

SCRIVEN, Edward, engraver. Was born at Alcester, near Stratford-upon- Avon, in 1775. He showed a strong dis- position for art, and became a pupil of Robert Thew, living with him during seven or eightyears, at Northall, in Hertford- shire, lie appears then to have come to London, where he was employed on some of the principal works of the day. He engraved for the Dilettanti Society, the ' Shakespeare Gallery/ and the ' Fine Arts of the English School ? ' and was employed generally by the publishers. A series of portraits, cniefly after Sir Peter Lely, and West's studies of heads for his 'Christ Rejected/ are by him. He held the ap- pointment of engraver to the Prince of Wales. His works are chiefly in the dot manner, in which he attained great excel- lence, but some of his later productions are in the line manner. They show great taste, and are clever representations of the peculiar art of the painter. He was a use- ful member of his profession ? giving much of his time to promote its interests, and was the founder and secretary of the Artists' Fund. He died August 23, 1841,