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was never able to obtain any notice as an artist, and devoted himself to elementary art teaching preparatory to the Academy Schools, in which he was very successful, many of his pupils becoming distinguished. He did not meanwhile cease to exhibit, and between 1820 and 1838 many portraits by him found a place on the walls of the Academy. He had retired from his school for some time owing to a protracted illness, and died June 21, 1844. He published his * Journey to Rome and Naples/ and 4 The Arte of Painting and Sculpture in England 7

SASSE, Richard, water-colour painter. Was born in 1774. He was cousin to the above, but added the final e to his name. He first exhibited at the Academy in 1791, and continued a large contributor up to 1813. His subjects were landscape, intro- ducing cattle and figures, with occasionally a waterfall, a favourite subject with him. In his practice he attempted to use more colour than the Winters' of his day. In 1811 he was appointed teacher to the Princess Charlotte, and afterwards land- scape painter to the Prince Regent. On the termination of the War in 1815, he travelled on the Continent, and in 1825 he settled in Paris, where he died, September 7, 1849. He was much patronised, but never attained excellence. His works, though clever and effective in colour, want decision and character. He tried many manners without succeeding in forming one of his own. There are examples of his art in the collection at South Kensington. He published a series of etched sketches from nature in 1810.

SAUNDERS, George L., miniature painter. Was born at Kinghorn, Fifeshire, 1774, and was educated in Edinburgh. He showed a great aptitude for drawing, and was apprenticed to a coach-maker, a man of considerable taste. On leaving him he practised in Edinburgh, principally in

Sainting miniatures, and as a teacher of rawing. He also, early in his career, painted a panorama of the city from the guard-ship in Leith Roads. He was in- duced by nis success, and the advice of his friends, to come to London in 1807, and at once took a distinguished position as a miniature painter^ the Princess Charlotte being among his first sitters. About 1812 he tried life-sized portraits in oil, which were for some time commissioned at large prices, but his art friends were more ap- preciative of his miniatures, and he was piqued and estranged from the general body of the profession. He very rarely exhibited at the Royal Academy ; but in 1829 he contributed three miniatures ; in 1830, Prince Esterhazy. and some others ; in 1831. the Duke of Cumberland and Prince George. He did not then exhibit 378

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again till 1838, when he sent Lady Clemen- tina Yilliers; and in 1839, his last contri- bution, the Marchioness of Downshire. He had many distinguished sitters ; among them, Lord Byron, whom he painted several times. One of his portraits, 'Lord Byron standing beside his boat/ was engraved by Finden, 1831, and is well known. He died in Marylebone, March 26, 1846.

SAUNDERS, Gboeob, F.R.S., archi- tect. Practised in London, and in 1780 built the stone facade to the theatre at Birmingham. Was some time architect of the British Museum, and built the Townley Gallery. He held the appointment of Sur- veyor to the Commissioners of Sewers. He was distinguished as an antiquary, and was the author of 'A Treatise on Theatres/ published 1790, and of ' Observations on the Origin of Gothic Architecture.' He died in 1839, aged 77.

SAUNDERS, Joseph, miniature painter. He practised in London towards the end of the 18th century, and was well employed. He was an exhibitor at the Academy from 1778 to 1797. His works were principally portraits of ladies. His son, R. Saunders, followed the same pro- fession, and exhibited on a few occasions at the Academy.

SAVAGE, John, engraver. Born in London about 1640. He practised his art in the Old Bailey, and was chiefly employed on portraits for the booksellers. He en- graved William III. and Queen Mary. Algernon Sydney, Bishop Latimer, ana many of the heroes executed before the neighbouring gaol ; also some of the plates for Tempests * Cries of London/ and for Evelyn's * Numismata.' He worked chiefly with the graver, but, though careful in execution, he was without taste, and his drawing defective.

SAVAGE, William, painter and en- graver. Was bora about 1785, and studied m the schools of the Royal Academy. He made experiments in printing with a suc- cession of wood blocks for decorative works, and published, in 1822, the results of his labours, the illustrations cut by his own hand, * Practical Hints on Decorative Printing, with Illustrations Engraved on Wood and Printed in Colours by the Type Press.'

SAVAGE, James, architect. He was born at Hackney, April 10, 1779. Articled to Mr. D. A. Alexander. He was also, in 1798, admitted to the schools of the Royal Academy, and in 1799 he was first an exhibitor, sending a design for a mansion ; and in 1800 a design for a triumphal monument. At the same time, when in his 22nd year only, he was awarded the second premium of 150/. for his design for improving the City of Aberdeen. In 1805 his designs were selected for the erection