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and his Countess. He practised in England about ten years, and then went to Copen- hagen in the service of the King of Ben- mark, and died there soon after 1644.

PASSE (or Db Passe), William, en- graver. Was the eldest son of Crispin. Born at Utrecht, about 1590. Some of his best works are dated London, and were executed between 1620-27. His works are very numerous, some of them from the life, ana are rare and much esteemed. He engraved James I., with his family; the Bohemian family, signed * Will. Pass, fecit ad vivum figurator, 1621 ;' Frances Duchess of Richmond and Lennox, 1625, with many others.

PASTORINI, Benedict, engraver. An Italian, who practised in London in the latter part of the 18th century. He had some instruction from Bartolozzi and en- graved in his manner. He worked after Angelica Kauflman, Rigaud, and others. He was one of the governors of the Society of Engravers, founded 1803.

PASTORINI, J., miniature painter. He was an occasional exhibitor at the Royal Academy from 1812 to 1826, and died in Newman Street, August 3, 1839, aged 66.

PATCH, Cozens, subject painter. There is at Petworth a painting in the Hogarth manner, and of the same period, by an artist of this name.

PATCH, Thomas, engraver and paint- er. He went to Italy with Sir Joshua Reynolds, and is supposed to have died there some time after 1772. He engraved a series of caricatures, dated 1768-70 ; 26 folio plates after the frescoes of Masaccio ; Ghiberti's Baptistery Gates ; Studies from Fra Bartolommeo, 1771 ; two landscapes after Poussin. He also painted some land- scapes and figures, and there is a large plate of Florence, well drawn and etchea, by him. In the Royal Collection at Hampton Court there are two pictures by this artist.

PATON, David, portrait painter. Practised in Scotland about the middle of the 18th century. He painted miniatures in black and white, drew many small por- traits, and copied likenesses from pictures, finishing the draperies and accessories with great minuteness. His portraits are simple and pleasing, and he had for his sitters persons of distinction. Some of his portraits are engraved. Robert White engraved his portrait of Sir James Dalrymple of Stair, president of the Court of Session.

PATON, Richard, marine painter. He is said to have been born in a low sphere of life, and was found a poor boy on Tower Hill by Admiral Sir Richard Knowles. who took him to sea. How he gained a knowledge of art is unknown. He painted the Lord Mayor's Show by water, the figures by Wheatley, a picture which is now in the Guildhall He exhibited, 1762-68, with

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the Incorporated Society of Artists, of which he was a vice-president, but after a very angry correspondence, resigned his membership in 1771. In 1774 he finished a set of views, the figures by Mortimer, of Count OrlofFs victory over the Turks. He also painted four excellent views of the dockyards, broad and rich in colour, in one a ship on fire, the effect cleverly managed. These four works are now at Hampton Court Palace. From 1776 to 1780 he was a large contributor to the exhibitions at tfte Royal Academy. His works were engraved by Woollett, Fittler, Canot, and others, and there are three marine views etchea by himself. He held for many years an office in the Excise, and rose to be the general accountant, but of early habits, he managed to continue his art. He died in Wardour Street. Soho, after a long and painful ill- ness, March 7, 1791, age<f74.

PATTEN, George, A.R.A., portrait and history painter. Born June 29, 1801. He was of a family of artists, and entering the schools of the Academy in 1816, studied first as a miniature painter, and practised that art tUl 1830. He then painted life- size portraits in oil. and some subject pic- tures. In 1837 ne went to Italy, and visited the chief art cities, and was elected an associate of the Academy in the same year. In 1840 he visited Germany, and painted there the portrait of Prince Albert, who subsequently appointed him his por- trait-painter in ordinary. He painted many full-length portraits for presentation to different institutions, and a number of classical, with two or three scriptural, sub- jects. He was a large contributor to the exhibitions of the Academy from 1819 to his death. Though he had been a diligent and laborious student, and had acquired great power as a painter, he failed to attain that excellence which would have gained him the membership of the Academy. He had resided the latter part of his life at Ross, in Herefordshire, but returned to the neighbourhood of the metropolis, where he died, March 11, 1865.

PAUL, J. S., engraver. Practised in mezzo-tint in the latter half of the 18th century. There is a portrait by him of Mrs. Barry, the actress, after Kettle, some portraits after Reynolds, and a ' Conversa- tion' after Jan Steen. His works possess much ability.

PAUL, Robert, engraver. Studied at the Glasgow Academy and practised in that city, of which there are several views slightly etched by him, and a north view of the Cathedral Church, dated 1762.

PAXTON, John, portrait and history painter. He is believed to have been in- structed in Foulis* Academy, at Glasgow. He was a member of the Incorporated Society of Artists, 1766, and sent from

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