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his successor as architect to the Scottish Board of Works. During his tenure of office, he designed 'The Palm House/ in the Botanical Gardens, and the ' General Post- Office ' at Edinburgh, and many additions to public buildings, both in that city and other towns of Scotland. He died in Edin- burgh, March 4, 1877.

MATHIAS, Gabriel, subject painter. Was long a student in art. He exhibited in 1761 and during the two or three follow- ing years. One of his pictures, ' A Sailor splicing a Rope/ is engraved by McArdell. But he was unsuccessful in art, and retired from his profession on obtaining an appoint- ment in the office of the Keeper of the Privy Purse. He afterwards became deputy paymaster to the Board of Works. He resided chiefly at Acton, where he died, at a very advanced age, in 1804.

MAUBERT, James, portrait painter. Was a pupil of ' Magdalen Smith/ and prac- tised in the reign of George II. He painted small portraits, and there are by him por- traits of the English poets, copied in smalt ovals and surrounded with flowers ; and in the National Portrait Gallery a portrait of Dryden. He did not attain to much excel- lence. He died 1746.

MAUCOURT, Charles, portrait paint- er. Born in Germany. Practised portrait painting in London for several years, both in oil and water-colours, and also in minia- ture. He was a member of the Incorporated Society of Artists, and an exhibitor from 1761 to 1767, sending in the former years full-length portraits. He also practised in mezzo-tint. Some of his works have much merit. He died in London in January 1768, leaving a child quite destitute.

MAURER, J., draftsman and engraver. Practised in the first half of the 18th cen- tury. He drew several views and occur- rences of the time, usually with the pen, in a careful manner, and engraved them on copper. There is by him a view of Rosa- mond's Pond and the Parade, St. James's Park, 1742 ; a view of Vauxhall Gardens, 1744 ; Tower Hill and place of execution of Lords Kilmarnock and Balmerino, 1746 ; with other views of London.

MAWLEY, George, landscape painter. Was born in London, November 1838, and received his art education at Gary's School of Art and the schools of the Royal Aca- demy. He first exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1858, and continued to do so till the year of his death. He was also a constant contributor to the Dudley Gallery water-colour exhibition, to which he sent ' A Pine Wood/ ' Storm clearing off North Wales/ * Hambledon Lock/ etc. His best known oil pictures are * The way across the Marsh,' ' Autumn/ ' A deserted Sand-pit.' He died prematurely in London, March 24, 1873.

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MAXWELL, George, landscape paint- er. Was born in 1768. He exhibited in the Royal Academy in 1787-88-89, when his pictures obtained the favourable notice of sir Joshua Reynolds. He died De- cember 28, 1789.

MAY, Hugh, architect. He was the brother of * Bab May/ keeper of the Privy Purse to Charles II., and practised in that reign. He built, about 1665, Berkeley House, Piccadilly, which was greatly lauded by Evelyn, and occupied the site where Devonshire House now stands. He was the architect of Oashiobury, and surveyor of the works at Windsor Castle. He is introduced in Verrio's picture of ( Christ healing the Sick/ costumed in a long periwig, as one of the spectators of the miracle.

M AYN ARD, John. An English painter of this name practised in the reign of Henry VIII., and was employed upon the tomb of Henry VII. in Westminster Abbey.

M AYN ARD, T., portrait painter. He %

practised in London, was well employed, and exhibited portraits in oil at the Royal Academy from 1780 to 1812.

MAYOR, B ark xby, engraver and paint- er. He was a member of the Incorporated Artists' Society, and practised early in the last half of the 18th century. A picture of Wenlock Abbey by him is engraved by Valentine Green. He died July 8, 1774.

MAZELL, Peter, engraver. Practised his art during the last half of the 18th cen- tury. He was a member of the Incorporated Society of Artists 1774, and exhibited with them his engravings during several years. He was employed in the illustration of some scientific publications ; and by Pennant, who calls nim his engraver. He produced some plates for Boydell, after G. Smith, of Chichester, published 1763 ; and engraved all the illustrations for Cordiners's ' Remark- able Ruins and Romantic Prospects in North Britain/ published 1792.

MEADOWS, J. Kenny, designer. Was born in Cardiganshire, November 1, 1790, and was the son of a retired naval officer. He first became known in art by his de- signs on wood for book illustration. Some of his earliest works of this class were for children, such as 'Granny's Wonderful Chair/ * Jack Ketch/ < Swift's hints to Servants ;' but he is best esteemed for his ' English heads of the People ' and ' Illus- trated Shakespeare ; ' the latter published be- tween 1842-45, and probably his best work. He exhibited some drawings on three occa- sions, the last in 1834, with the Society of British Artists, and also sent twice or thrice to the Royal Academy. His illustrated works published, exceed twenty in number. Though his designs have some claim to

face, they are too often trivial and affected, e was the companion of the humourists of his day. For the last ten years of his

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