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Magdalen, glazier. He was one of four contractors in Henry VIII.'s reign for completing 18 of the painted windows of the upper story of King's College Chapel, Cambridge.

HORNEBAND, Gerard Lucas, por- trait painter. Born at Ghent in 1498. He came to London, where he practised as a portrait painter, was employed by Henry VIII., and died in 1544. His sister, Susannah Horneband, a miniature paint- er, also came to England, and is said to have married an English sculptor named Whorstley, and to have died at Worcester.

HORSBURGH, John, engraver. Was born at Prestonpans, near Edinburgh, November 16, 179 1, and lost his father early in life. He studied drawing at the Trus- tees Academy, and when fourteen years of age was apprenticed to Robert Scott the engraver, with whom, after serving his full time, he continued for several years longer, and then began his own professional career. He practised in the line manner and was much engaged in book illustration. His chief works are 'Mackie the actor, as Baillie Nicol Jar-vie' after Sir William Allan, ' Prince Charles reading a despatch ' after William Simson, a portrait of 'Sir Walter Scott ' after Sir Thomas Lawrence, and 'Italian Shepherds' after Mclnnes. He also engraved some fine plates after Turner, R.A., with some vignettes by him to illustrate Sir W. Scott's works. For the last fifteen or twenty years of his life he may be said to have retired from his pro- fession. For nearly forty years he filled gratuitously the office of pastor in the Scotch Baptist Church. His pastoral ad- dresses, preceded by a brief memoir, was published in 1869. He died in Edinburgh, September 24, 1869, aged 79.

HORWELL, Chables, sculptor. He was a student in the Royal Academy, and in 1788 gained the gold medal for his group, 1 The Grief of Achilles at the Death of Patroclus.' He had previously exhibited at the Academy, and in 1789 sent a ' Cupid and Psyche,' with some other designs; in 1791. * The Murder of Duncan, King of Scotland.' He did not exhibit again till 1799, when, trying portrait art, he exhibited busts of his son ana daughter. In 1807 he exhibited a design for Nelson's monument, and from that tune the trace of his art is lost.

HOSKING, William, architect. He was born in 1800, at Buckfastleigh, Devon, and was taken when young to New South Wales, where he was apprenticed to a builder and surveyor. He returned to England in 1819, and the following year articled himself to an architect, and subse- quently spent a year in Italy to improve in his profession. He exhibited, but on one occasion only, a drawing at the Royal Aca-

demy. In 1834 he was appointed engineer to the West London Rail way? and in 1840 to a professorship of construction and archi- tecture at King's College. In 1844 he was appointed one of the referees under the Metropolis Building Act. He built Trinity Chapel, Poplar, ana the chapels and other edifices in the Abney Park Cemetery; but he is little known in the actual practice of his profession. He published, in 1827 (in connection with J. Jenkins), * A Selection of Architectural and other Ornaments; ' in 1842, * Abstract of Reports concerning the Restoration of St. Mary's, Redcliffe, Bristol,' ' A Treatise on the Principles and Practice of Architecture : ' and his ' Lectures at King's College -/ in 1848, * A Guide to the proper Building of Towns;' and in 1849, 'Healthy Homes.' He wrote the articles ' Architecture,' * Buildings,' ' Masonry,' and some others, for the 7th edition of the ' Encyclopaedia Britannica.' He died in London, August 2, 1861, and was buried in the Highgate Cemetery. • HOSKINS, John, miniature painter. Commenced the practice of his art in oil, afterwards took to miniature, in which his chief excellence lies. Charles I., his Queen, and many of the nobility sat to him. His works are truthful and well drawn, but his flesh tint has a tendency to hotness. Sir Kenelm Digby? in his ' Discourses.' says ' that by his paintings in little he pleased the public more than Vandyck.' Samuel and Alexander Cooper were his pupils. He affixed his initials to his works, grouping the I within the H. He died in February 1664, and was buried in Covent Garden Church.

HOSKINS, John, miniature- painter. Was a son of the foregoing, and excelled in the same art. His works are greatly prized. He painted a portrait of James II. in 1686. for which he was paid 101. 5s. He signed the initials ' I.H.' separately.

HOUGHTON, Arthur Boyd, subject painter. Was the son of Captain Houghton of the Indian Navy, and born in 1836. He became first known by his very clever illus- trations of books, and was perhaps one of the most skilful draftsmen on wood of the time. His illustrations to the ' Arabian Nights ' are marked by their spirited cha- racter and richness of incident. He was elected an associate of the Society of Paint- ers in Water-Colours in 187 1, and sent to their exhibitions many works of high merit. He also painted in oil, and his first contribution to the Royal Academy was * A Fisher ' in 1860, and* Here i' the Sands," The Mystery of Folded Sleep' in 1864, and * John the Baptist rebuking Herod ' in 1870. besides other works. He was cut off in the midst of a career of great promise at the early age of 39. He died at Hampstead, November 23, 1875.