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HARGRAVE, —. —, mezzo-tint en- graver. He practised early in the second half of the 18th century.

HARGREAVES, Thomas, miniature painter. He was born at Liverpool in 1775, the son of a woollen draper. He early at- tempted miniature painting, and Sir Thomas Lawrence being shown one of his works advised him to come to London, and he was the president's articled assistant for two years, from May 1793, at a small weekly pay. He worked in oil and continued his employ for several years after the tennina- tion of the original engagement. But his health failing he returned to Liverpool, and devoting himself to miniature met with ffreat encouragement. He sent some of his works to the Academy Exhibitions in 1808 and 1809. In 1811 he* was a member of the Liverpool Academy, and from that year a large contributor to its exhibitions. He joinea the Society of British Artists on its foundation, and was an influential mem- ber and one of its exhibitors. After many years of weak health he died December 23, 1846. His miniatures were well and care- fully drawn and finished, but, imitations of the Lawrence manner, were without any marked character. Three of his sons suc- ceeded him as miniature painters at Liver- pool. One of them, G. Hargreaves, joined the Society of British Artists.

HARLOW, George Henry, portrait painter. He was born in St. James's Street, June 10, 1787, the posthumous son of an English merchant residing at Canton. His mother, a young and handsome widow, left with a competence, spoiled her good-looking boy. He had an early inclination for art, and was first placed under De Cort, then with Drummond ; A.R.A., and finally, for about 18 months, in the stuaio of Sir Thomas Lawrence. Here he quarrelled with the mechanical art to which he was set and the cold courtesy of his raaster ? and on leaving him fit is said he was dismissed) had to depend upon his own industry and ability. He painted at a low price small portraits of many of the actors of the day, and thus fell into their society, and being of an easy, careless disposition, soon became embarrassed in his affairs.

He first appears as exhibitor of a portrait at the Royal Academy in 1805, and from that time till his death was a constant con- tributor, his exhibited works, with three exceptions, being portraits. He met with full encouragement, and gradually raised his price to 40 guineas for a three-quarters portrait. In June 1818 he set off for Italy, and stayed some time in Rome, where ne was much noticed and flattered. He arrived in England on January 13, 1819, and a few days after was attacked by the mumps, which having been checked and neglected, swelling and ulceration of the glands of the 198

throat ensued, followed by mortification* He died on February 4, and was buried in a vault at St. James's Church, Piccadilly. After his death a collection of about 150 of his works was exhibited.

Harlow's chief excellence will be found in his portraits. In 1815 he commenced a series, of small size, of the eminent painters and some of the notorieties of the day; they are refined yet broadly finished, and full of character. He also made portrait- sketches in chalk, slightly tinting the face, many of them admirable in taste and manner. Several of his portraits were en- graved ; of these, Miss Stevens, the singer, Mathews in character, and Nortncote, R. A., were very popular. Two small groups of a portrait character, * The Proposal and ' The Congratulation/ were also engraved, and had an extensive sale. Of his historical attempts, the best known is his ' Trial of Queen Catherine/ in which the portraits of the members of the Kemble family are in- troduced, a work which was finely produced in mezzo-tint by Clint, A.R.A. This painting is clever, but more a tableau than a picture, reminding rather of the stage, the persons represented addressing an audience,' than an historical event. His colouring and execution were good, but his drawing weak, owing to a neglect of early study. It is probable that his art would not have improved or his reputation have been increased had his life not been pre- maturely closed. There is a memoir of him in Arnold's ' Library of the Fine Arts/ 1831.

HARPER, John, architect. Born near Blackburn, Lancashire, November 11, 1809. He practised for some years at York, where he resided, and then travelled in Italy for his improvement At Rome he was attacked with fever, and rallied sufficiently to set out for Naples, but he suffered so much from sea-sickness on the voyage that he died on reaching that city, October 18. 1842. He was a skilful draftsman, and left many clever sketches of architecture, antiquities, and landscape scenery. During his snort career he built the Roman Ca- tholic chapel at Bury, Lancashire, the Freetown church and Elton church in the same town, the.York Collegiate School, and several mansions.

HARRADEN, R. B., draftsman and engraver. He produced very finely, in aqua-tint, several of Girtin's views of Paris, published 1802, and made the drawings for the ' Cantabrigia Depicta/ published m 1809 by his father, a bookseller at Cam- bridge. He became a member of the Society of British Artists, and exhibited there on two or three occasions. He con- tinued a member up to 1849.

H A RRIS, J., water-colour painter. He was one of the early artists who practised