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found employment as a designer, the book illustrations of the time being largely from his designs. He etched from his own de- signs 22 small histories for the 'Life of David,' published with a French version of the Psalms, 1715, and made the designs for an edition of ' Paradise Lost,' published in 1720. He died of apoplexy in Covent Gar- den in 1723. and was buried in the porch of Oovent Garden Church.

CHESHAM, Francis, draftsman and engraver. Born 1749. He engraved after his own drawings 'Moses striking the Rock,' and several other works. He also engraved ' Britannia/ after Cipriani, R. A. ; ' Admiral Parker's Victory of 1781; ' and many views after Paul Sandby. He died in London 1806.

CHICHELEY, Henry, Archbishop of Canterbury. Born 1362. One of the chief ecclesiastical architects of the time of Henry V., and died in 1443.

CHILD, James Warren, miniature painter. He was, during maoj years, an exhibitor of miniature portraits at the Royal Academy. Among his sitters were many of the principal and most popular actresses of the day, and some actors ; and they formed from 1832 the chief of his exhibited works. He exhibited for the last time in 1853, and died September 19, 1862, aged 84.

CHILDE, Elias, landscape painter. He was an exhibitor of some views at the Water-Colour Society in 1820, and in 1824 with the Society of British Artists ; and was in the following year elected a member. From that time his contributions were very numerous — landscapes, many with moon- light effects, and introducing figures with the incidents of country life. At the same time he exhibited works of the same class at the Royal Academy, with river scenes. He exhibited for the last time in 1848.

CHINNERY, Geoeqe, R.H.A., por- trait painter. Practised both in oil and water-colours. He first appears as an exhibitor of crayon portraits with the Free Society in 1766, ana of miniature portraits at the Royal Academy in 1791. He was .then living in London, and in the following years made rapid progress. In 1798 he was practising m Dublin, and was elected a member of the Irish Academy. In 1802 he had returned to London, and exhibited a family group in oil ; and from that time his name does not appear as an exhibitor till 1830, when he sent a portrait to the Academy from Canton, where he was then living. He was again, in 1831, a contri- butor of four, and in 1836 of five, portraits. In 1846 he exhibited his own portrait— '■his last work exhibited in London. He spent nearly 50 years of his life in the practice of his art in India and China, and died at Macao. There are some etched portraits 82

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by him — works of great ability. He sketched in pencil, ana tinted with much spirit, boats' and river scenes in China, and was greatly esteemed as a portrait painter, excelling in every style of art ; but in his life eccentric, irregular, and uncertain.

CHIPPENDALE, Thomas, ornament- ist. He was a native of Worcestershire. Came to London, where he first found employment as a joiner, and by his own pdustry and taste was in the reign of jGeorge I. most eminent as a carver and cabinet-maker. He published, in 1762. {the third edition of his ' Gentleman's ana Cabinet-maker's Director/ comprising 200 (designs drawn by himself of household •furniture, full of fancy and taste, but with a leaning to the French style. Messrs. Weale published, in 1868-59, his ' Interior Decorations in the Old French Style.' No particulars of his life could be ascer- tained.

subject painter. Born at Elgin, N.B., in the year 1792 or 1793. He was appren- ticed to a weaver at Peterhead, but had a great dislike for his trade and a predilec- tion for drawing. He drew on the cloth in his loom, and resorting to the seashore, 'amused himself by tracing forms on the smooth sand. Nourishing his love for drawing he strolled to Aberdeen; at the age of 19 or 20 came to Edinburgh, and nad improved himself so far as to gain the appointment of teacher in the schools of xne Scottish Academy. Here he married 'one of his pupils, and in 1818 came to London, and practised history and portrait painting — the latter with much success. He first exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1820, his earliest works being portraits, with an occasional subject picture, not rising higher than ' Boys with a Burning- glass,' 1822; 'The Cut Foot/ 1823; and from that vear to 1836 he only exhibited thrice, and his contributions were portraits. In 1837 he exhibited more pretentious subjects — 'The Baptism of Ben Jonson's Daughter,' for whom Shakespeare stood
 * CHISHOLM, A-LEXAXTy-RTLjportraitaiid

Sodfather, with portraits of Shakespeare, onson, Beaumont, Fletcher, Raleigh, ana others; followed, in 1842, by 'The Lords of the Congregation taking the Oath of the Covenant ; in 1844 and 1845, by other important works ; and in 1846. by his last work, ' The Minister and his Wife conceal- ing in the Church the Scottish Regalia.' He had, in 1829, become an 'associate exhibitor' of the Water-Colour Society, and from that year to his death exhibited works of the same class in water-colours as those he contributed to the Academy. After having suffered from severe illness for nearly nine years, he died at Rothesay, N.B.. October 3, 1847, while he was en- gaged in painting some portraits for a