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* Musical cadences, perception of, by animals, 569; powers of man, 566 et seq.
 * Musk-deer, canine teeth of male, 502, 513, 514; male, odiferous organs of the, 529; winter change of the, 542.
 * Musk-duck, Australian, 359; large size of male, 362; of Guiana, pugnacity of the male, 362.
 * Musk-ox, horns of, 505.
 * Musk-rat, protective resemblance of the, to a clod of earth, 542.
 * Musophagœ, colours and nidification of the, 455; both sexes of, equally brilliant, 460.
 * Mussels opened by monkeys, 50.
 * Mustela, winter change of two species of, 542.
 * Musters, Capt., on Rhea Darwinii, 479; marriages amongst Patagonians, 598.
 * Mutilations, healing of, 8; inheritance of, 60.
 * Mutilla europœa, stridulation of, 292.
 * Mutillidæ, absence of ocelli in female, 275.
 * Mycetes caraya, polygamous, 217; vocal organs of, 527; beard of, 531; sexual differences of colour in, 537; voice of, 567.
 * seniculus, sexual differences of colour in, 537.
 * Myriapoda, 274.


 * Nägeli, on the influence of natural selection on plants, 61; on the gradation of species of plants, 175.
 * Nails, coloured yellow or purple in part of Africa, 574.
 * Narwhal, tusks of the, 502, 507.
 * Nasal cavities, large size of, in American aborigines, 34.
 * Nascent organs, 12.
 * Nathusius, H. von, on the improved breeds of pigs, 177; male domesticated animals more variable than females, 223; horns of castrated sheep, 506; on the breeding of domestic animals, 596.
 * Natural selection, its effects on the early progenitors of man, 47; influence of, on man, 60, 62; limitation of the principle, 61; influence of, on social animals, 62; Mr. Wallace on the limitation of, by the influence of the mental faculties in man, 127; influence of, in the progress of the United States, 142; in relation to sex, 259.
 * Natural and sexual selection contrasted, 226.
 * Naulette, jaw from, large size of the canines in, 40.
 * Neanderthal skull, capacity of the, 55.
 * Neck, proportion of, in soldiers and sailors, 32.
 * Necrophorus, stridulation of, 302, 304.
 * Nectarinia, young of, 468.
 * Nectariniœ, moulting of the, 392; nidification of, 454.
 * Negro, resemblance of a, to Europeans, in mental characters, 178.
 * Negro-women, their kindness to Mungo Park, 118.
 * Negroes, Caucasian features in, 167; character of, 168; lice of, 170; fertility of, when crossed with other races, 171; blackness of, 170, 173; variability of, 174, 175; immunity of, from yellow fever, 193; difference of, from Americans, 197; disfigurements of the, 541; colour of newborn children of, 557; comparative beardlessness of, 560; readily become musicians, 570; appreciation of beauty of their women by, 577, 579; idea of beauty among, 582; compression of the nose by some, 583.
 * Nemertians, colours of, 264.
 * Neolithic period, 145.
 * Neomorpha, sexual difference of the beak in, 359.
 * Nephila, size of male, 273.
 * Nests, made by fishes, 345; decoration of, by Humming-birds, 413.
 * Neumeister, on a change of colour in pigeons after several moultings, 238.
 * Neuration, difference of, in the two sexes of some butterflies and hymenoptera, 277.
 * Neuroptera, 254, 290.
 * Neurothemis, dimorphism in, 291.
 * New Zealand, expectation by the