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 298 THE DECLINE AND FALL of Edessa. A.D. 1097 1151 Pisidia, Iconium, Archelais, and Germanicia, and may compare those classic appellations with the modern names of Eskishehr the old city, Akshehr the white city, Cogni, Erekli,^^^ and Mar- ash. As the pilgrims passed over a desert, where a draught of water is exchanged for silver, they were tormented by intolerable thirst ; and on the banks of the first rivulet their haste and in- temperance were still more pernicious to the disorderly throng. They climbed with toil and danger the steep and slippery sides of mount Taurus ; many of the soldiers cast away their arms to secure their footsteps ; and, had not terror preceded their van, the long and trembling file might have been driven down the precipice by an handful of resolute enemies. Two of their most respectable chiefs, the duke of Lorraine and the count of Tou- louse, were carried in litters ; Raymond was raised, as it is said, by miracle, from an hopeless malady ; and Godfrey had been torn by a bear, as he pursued that rough and perilous chase in the mountains of Pisidia. Baldwin To improvc the general consternation, the cousin of Bohe- princfplmy mond and the brother of Godfrey were detached from the main army, with their respective squadrons of five and of seven hundred knights. They over-ran, in a rapid career, the hills and sea-coast of Cilicia, from Cogni to the Syrian gates ; the Norman standard was first planted on the walls of Tarsus and Malmistra ; but the proud injustice of Baldwin at length pro- voked the patient and generous Italian, and they turned their consecrated swords against each other in a private and profane quarrel. Honour was the motive, and fame the reward, of Tancred ; but fortune smiled on the more selfish enterprise of his rival.'-'° He was called to the assistance of a Greek or Armenian tyrant, who had been suifered under the Turkish yoke to reign over the Christians of Edessa. Baldwin accepted the character of his son and champion ; but np sooner was he introduced into the city than he inflamed ■*' the people to the massacre of his father, occupied the throne and treasure, ex- ^9^ [Eregli is the ancient Heraclea, about 30 hours south-east of Iconium (Koniya). It was here that Tancred and Baldwin separated from the main army. Gesta Fr. x. 5.] tensis, or of Chartres (in the collections of Bongarsius, Duchesne, and Martenne), the valiant chaplain of Count Baldwin (Esprit des Croisades, tom. i. p. 13-14). In the disputes of that prince with Tancred, his partiality is encountered by the partiality of Radulphus Cadoniensis, the soldier and historian of the gallant marquis. [See the Chronicle of Matthew of Edessa, tr. Dulaurier, p. 218-221.] "1 [In the account of Matthew of Edessa, ih. p. 219-220, Baldwin did not influence the people, but conspirators induced him to consent to their plan of assassinating Thoros. The deed, however, was done, not by a band of con- spirators, but by ' ' the inhabitants " in a mass ; ib. p. 220.] [ThoroB]
 * > This detached conquest of Edessa is best represented by Fulcherius Carno-