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 OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE 11 respected the strength of Favia, and listened to the prayers of the Trevisans ; their slow and heavy multitudes proceeded to occupy the palace and city of Verona ; and Milan^ now rising from her ashes, was invested by the powers of Alboin five months after his departure from Pannonia. Terror preceded his march ; he found everywhere, or he left, a dreary solitude; and the pusillanimous Italians presumed, without a trial, that the stranger was invincible. Escaping to lakes, or rocks, or morasses, the affrighted crowds concealed some fragments of their wealth, and delayed the moment of their servitude. Paulinus, the })atriarch of Aquileia, removed his treasures, [a.d. 558-570] sacred and profane, to the isle of Grado,"-^ and his successors [a d. 568] were adopted by the infant republic of Venice, which was con- tinually enriched by the public calamities. Honoratus, who filled the chair of St. Amljrose, had credulously accepted the faithless offers of a capitulation ; and the archbishop, with the clergy and nobles of Milan, were driven by the perfidy of Alboin to seek a refuge in the less accessible ram])arts of Genoa. Along the maritime coast, the courage of the inhabi- tants was supported l^y the facility of supply, the hopes of relief, and the power of escape ; but, from the Trentine hills to the gates of Ravenna and Rome, the inland regions of Italy became, without a battle or a siege, the lasting patrimony of the Lombards. The submission of the people invited the bar- barian to assume the character of a lawful sovereign, and the helpless exarch was confined to the office of announcing to the emperor Justin the rapid and irretrievable loss of his provinces and cities.-* One city, which had been diligently fortified by the Goths, resisted the arms of a new invader; and, while Italy was subdued by the flying detachments of the Lombards, the royal camp was fixed above three years before the western gate of Ticinum, or Pavia. The same courage which obtains the esteem of a civilised enemy provokes the fury of a savage, and -' Which fruni tliis translation was called the New Aquileia (Chron. Vcnet. p. 3). The patriarch of Grado soon became the first citizen of the republic (p. 9, tx.c.), but his scat was not removed to Venice till the year 1450. He is now deco- rated with titles and honours ; but the genius of the church has bowed to that of the state, and the government of a catholic city is strictly presbytcrian. Thom- assin, Discipline de I'Eglise, torn. i. p. 156, 157, 161-165. Amelot de la Houssaye, Gouvernement de V^nise, torn. i. p. 256-261. '•^■^ Paul has given a description uf Ital-, as it was then divided into eighteen regions (1. ii. c. 14-24). The Dissertatio Chorographica de Italia Medii .-Evi, by Father Beretli, a Benedictine monk, and regius professor at Pavia, has been use- fully consulted. [For the more important description of George the Cypriote, see Appendix 3.] -