Page:Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (1827) Vol 2.djvu/17

 CONTENTS. IX CHAPTER XIX. rONSTANTIUS SOLE EMPEROR.— ELEVATION AND DEATH OF CALLL'S.— DANGER AND ELEVATION OF JULIAN SARMATIAN AND PERSIAN WARS VICTORIES OF .11'- LIAN IN GAUL. Power of the eunuchs. . 350 Education of Gallus and Julian 352 A. D. 351. Gallus declared Cae- sar. . .353 Cruelty and imprudence of Gallus ib. A. D. 354. Massacre of the im- perial ministers. 355 Dani;erous situation of Gallus • 357 His disgrace and death. 358 The danger and escape of Julian 360 A. D. 355. He is sent to Athens 361 Recalled to Milan. . 362 Declared Caesar. 365 Fatal end of Sylvanus. 366 A. D. 357. Constantius visits Rome 367 A new obelisk. . 369 A. U. 357, 358, 359. The Quadian and Sarmatian war • 370 A. D. 358. The Persian negoci- ation. . . 374 A. D. 359. Invasion of Mesopo- tamia by Sapor. 376 Siege of Amida. . 378 A. U. .360. Siege of Singara, etc. 380 Conduct of the Romans. 381 Invasion of Gaul by the Ger- mans. . 383 Conduct of Julian. . 385 A.D.356. His first campaign in Gaul. . .386 A. D. 357. His second cam- paign. . . 388 Battle of Strasburgh. . 389 A. D. 358. Julian subdues the Franks. . 392 A. D. 357, 358, 359. Makes three 4 expeditions beyond the Rhine 394 Restores the cities of Gaul. 396 Civil administration of Julian. 397 Description of Paris. . 399 CHAPTER XX. THE MOTIVES, PROGRESS, AND EFFECTS OF THE CONVERSION OF CONSTANTINE. — LEGAL ESTABLISHMENT AND CONSTITUTION OF THE CHRISTIAN OR CATHOLIC CHURCH. Date of the conversion of Con- stantine His pagan superstition A. D. 306-312. He protects the christians of Gaul. A.D.313. Edict of Milan. Use and beauty of the christian morality Theory and practice of passive obedience Divine right of Constantine A. D..324. Loyalty and zeal of the christian party. 413 Expectation and belief of a miracle 415 1. The 'labarum,' or standard of the cross II. The dream of Constantine III. Appearance of a cross in the sky. The conversion of Constantine might be sincere. 423 402 405 406 ib. 408 409 411 ib. 418 420 The fourth eclogue of Virgil Devotion and privileges of Con- stantine Delay of his baptism till the ap- proach of death Propagation of Christianity A. D. 312-438. Change of the na- tional religion Distinction of the spiritual and temporal powers State of the bishops under the christian emperors I. Election of bishops II. Ordination of the clergy. III. Property. IV^. Civil jurisdiction. V. Spiritual censures VI. Freedom of public preach- ing. . . VII. Privilege of legislative as- semblies 4-25 4-26 427 4-29 4:32 433 435 436 438 440 443 445 447 449