Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings - Volume I.djvu/395

 (1870); Lake Nemi—Italy (1879); Twilight, Old Church at Arreton—Isle of Wight (1880); Sketching in the Glen, Ramapo Valley (1881); Autumn on the Hudson River (1882); Wawayanda Valley (1883); Springtime in England (1884); Misty Morning on Greenwood Lake, Lake Thrasymene—Italy (1884); October in Ramapo Valley (1885). Water-colours: On the St. Lawrence, Wickham Pond—Florida (1884).—Manhattan Mag., April, 1884.

CROQUEMITAINE, BAGAGE DE, Timoléon Lobrichon, canvas. Croquemitaine is one of the legendary monsters with whose name nurses frighten children. The picture represents a basket with four children packed ready for departure, and a fifth sitting beside it.—Engraved by L. Massard.

CROSS, DEPOSITION FROM. See Descent from Cross.

CROSS, DESCENT FROM. See Descent from Cross.

CROSS, DISCOVERY OF, Garofalo, Ferrara Gallery; wood, H. 10 ft. 5 in. × 5 ft. 11 in. The finding of the cross by St. Helena, mother of Constantine the Great. A rich composition of figures with a landscape background; above, a glory of angels. Painted in 1536 for S. Domenico, Ferrara.—Vasari, ed. Mil., vi. 465.

By Tintoretto, S. M. Mater Domini, Venice. A carefully-painted and attractive picture, but by no means a good specimen of the master, as far as regards power of conception. Ruskin, Stones of Venice, iii. 312; Ridolfi, Marav., ii. 212.

CROSS, ELEVATION OF. See Elevation of Cross.

CROSS, JOHN, born in Tiverton, England, in 1819, died in London, Feb. 26, 1861. History painter, pupil of Picot in Paris. His Clemency of Richard Cœur de Lion gained the first premium of £300 in the Westminster Hall competition in 1847, and was bought by the royal commissioners for £1,000; and his Assassination of Thomas à Becket (1843) is in Canterbury Cathedral.

CROSS, MIRACLE OF, Gentile Bellini, Venice Academy; canvas, H. 10 ft. 6 in. × 13 ft. 9 in.; signed, dated 1500. A relic of the true cross, borne in procession, is lost in the water while crossing a bridge; many seek it in vain, but it is at last found by Doge Andrea Vendramin; Catherine Cornaro, ex-Queen of Cyprus, and her suite, are among the kneeling spectators on the left; the foremost one of the kneeling group in front, to right, is said to be the painter himself. From Scuola di S. Giovanni Evangelista.—C. & C., N. Italy, i. 132; Zanotto, Pinac. Accad., Pl. 40; Burckhardt, 594.

By Giovanni Mansueti, Venice Academy; canvas, H. 10 ft. 6 in. × 15 ft. The relic of the cross, carried in procession (1474) at the burial of one who had doubted its miraculous powers, is arrested by an invisible force, and its bearers have to procure another one from a neighbouring chapel. Scene, a canal fringed by buildings and crossed by a drawbridge; the spectator at left, with a scroll in his hand, is supposed to be the painter himself. Painted in 1493 for Scuola di S. Giov. Evangelista.—C. & C., N. Italy, i. 220; Zanotto, Pinac. dell Accad. Venez., Pl. 28; Burckhardt, 599.

CROSS, PROCESSION OF, Gentile Bellini, Venice Academy; canvas, H. 11 ft. 10 in. × 24 ft. 4 in.; signed, dated 1496. The procession of the brethren of S. Giovanni Evangelista, bearing the relic of the cross, has issued from the portal between S. Marco and the Pal. Ducale, and is proceeding up the Piazza di S. Marco; Giovanni Salis, a merchant of Brescia, kneels near the shrine of the relic, and by making a vow to the cross causes the healing of his son in Brescia. Painted for the Scuola di S. Giovanni Evangelista. The most important extant work of the Venetian school previous to the advent of Titian.—C. & C., N. Italy, i. 129.

CROSS, VISION OF. See Constantine.

CROWE, EYRE, born at Chelsea, Oct., 1824. Genre painter, pupil in Paris of Paul Delaroche, whom he accompanied to Rome in 1843; entered schools of Royal Academy, London, in 1844, and exhibited