Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings - Volume I.djvu/341

 M. Novella. In front of the Madonna walks Cimabue, crowned with laurels, with his pupil Giotto; behind it, Arnolfo di Lapo, Gaddo Gaddi, Andrea Tafi, Nicoló Pisano, Buffalmacco, and Simone Memmi; in the corner, Dante. Painted in Rome; R. Academy, 1855; purchased by the Queen.—Univ. Mag. (1879), iii. 51.

CIMON, Greek painter, of Cleonæ, middle of 5th century He developed the inventions of Eumarus, and was the first to give variety to attitude, to indicate the form under drapery, and to draw the eyes correctly instead of following the old method, as the Egyptians did.—Pliny, xxxv. 34 [55]; Aelian, viii. 8.

CINCINNATO, ROMOLO, born in Florence in 1502, died about 1600. Florentine school; history painter, pupil in Rome of Francesco Salviati; invited to Spain by Philip II. in 1567; painted there many pictures in oil and fresco for the Escorial and the Palazzo del Pardo. Works: Two pictures with St. Jerome reading, St. Jerome preaching, two scenes from life of St. Lawrence, Escorial; Circumcision (1572-73), Academy of S. Fernando, Madrid; Transfiguration, St. Peter, St. Paul, St. Lawrence (fresco), Madrid Academy; Mythological subjects at Infantado Palazzo, Guadalajara. His sons, Diego Romolo (died in Rome, 1625), and Francisco Romolo (died in Rome, 1635), were portrait painters.—Cean Bermudez.

CIONE. See Orcagna.

CIRCE, Dosso Dossi, Palazzo Borghese, Rome. The enchantress, in a purple and gold robe, and with a rich turban, seated in a forest landscape; in her right hand she holds a tablet with necromantic signs; at her feet are a magic circle, a coat of mail, a dog, and two birds; near her, several swine bound to a tree; in distance, three knights bivouacking on the grass.—Kugler (East-*lake), ii. 488.

Circe, Guercino, Louvre.

By Guercino, Louvre; canvas, H. 4 ft. × 3 ft. 2 in. Wearing a turban ornamented with an aigrette and a diamond clasp on her head, she holds in one hand a wand, and in the other a golden vase; near her, upon a table, are a vase and an open book with cabalistic characters. In Guercino's third manner. Collection of Louis XIV. Engraved by M. Gandolfi.—Musée royal; Filhol, ii. 80; Landon, Musée, vi. Pl. 56.

CIRCE AND THE COMPANIONS OF ULYSSES, Briton Riviere, London; canvas, H. 2 ft. × 4 ft. The sorceress, having changed the companions of Ulysses into swine, sits at left on a raised floor under a vine-clad wall, with her wand lying beside her, calmly contemplating the pigs wallowing before her or seeking in vain to reach her platform. Painted in 1871. Engraved by Stacpoole.

CIRCUMCISION, Federigo Barocci, Louvre; canvas, H. 12 ft. 2 in. × 8 ft. 3 in.; signed, dated 1580. The Child seated on the knees of one of the officers of the temple, with priests and assistants standing near; behind, the Virgin and St. Joseph, kneeling; above, two angels in adoration. Painted for oratory of the brotherhood of the Nome di Dio, Pesaro; carried to Paris in 1799; given in 1811 to church of Notre Dame, Paris; placed in Louvre in 1862.—Villot, Louvre.