Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings - Volume I.djvu/283

 Neapolitan school; of good family and education; pupil of Francesco Imparato, and later of Caravaggio when that painter was in Naples, about 1606. Roused by the fame of Annibale Carracci, he went to Rome, and by diligent study of his works in the Palazzo Farnese, became a correct designer in that painter's style, still preserving the strong contrasts of light and shade that he had learned from Caravaggio. Some of his pictures are in churches in Naples. He belonged to the infamous Neapolitan Cabal of which Spagnoletto was the head.—Lanzi, ii. 34; Ch. Blanc, École napolitaine.

CARAUD, JOSEPH, born at Cluny, (Saône-et-Loire), Jan. 5, 1821. Genre painter, pupil of Abel de Pujol and Charles Louis Müller. Some of his pictures have been engraved. Medals: 3d class, 1859; 2d class, 1861 and 1863; L. of Honour, 1867. Works: Oracle of the Fields (1847); The Awakening, Dark and Fair (1849); Dancing Lesson, Interrupted Breakfast, A Kitchen (1855); Marie Antoinette in the Little Trianon, Abbé Prévost reading Manon Lescaut at an Actress's (1857); Athalie played at Saint-Cyr before Louis XIV., Louis XV. and Mme. Dubarry (1859); Mlle. de la Vallière taking the Veil, The Sedan Chair (1861); The Great Condé's Return after the Battle of Senef, Signing the Contract, The First-Born (1863); Louis XVI. making Locks (1865); Blessing the Bread, The Alert (1867); Scenes from Marriage of Figaro (1868); Marie Antoinette and Madame Royale at Versailles (1870); Soubrette Walking, Girl holding a Cat (1872); Breakfast (1873); Parroquet (1874); Pointed Finger (1875); Little Farmer (1876); Spring-Time, Pleased Abbé (1877); Louis XV. and Mme. Dubarry at the Little Trianon, Coffee Mill (1878); Pouting, Flower-Girl (1879); Soubrette Asleep, Two Friends (1880); Magpie, Gardener (1882); Parroquet, A Letter (1883); Fisher-maiden (1884); Spinner, Petit Déjeuner (1885).

CARAVAGGIO, MICHELANGELO DA, born at Caravaggio in 1569, died at Porto Ercole in 1609. Roman school. Real name Michelangelo Amerighi or Merighi; son of a mason; employed in Milan to mix plaster for fresco painters, and learned to paint by watching them. Went to Venice and studied works of Giorgione; thence to Rome, where he aided Cesare d'Arpino in painting ornamental parts of his pictures. The novelty of his style, an energetic but coarse rendering of nature, without selection and without taste, soon attracted notice, and his works won such public admiration that other artists were led to imitate his powerful though corrupt manner. After painting many important pictures in Rome, he fled to Naples to escape justice for the homicide of a companion, committed in a moment of anger. After various wanderings he received the Pope's pardon for this crime, and was on his way from Naples to Rome by sea when he died at Porto Ercole. Among his best works are: Entombment, Vatican; Gamesters, Palazzo Sciarra, Rome; Judith and Holofernes, Naples Museum; Chess Players, Venice Academy; Cupid Asleep, Palazzo Pitti, Florence; Christ among the Doctors, Christ and the Tribute Money, Head of Medusa, Uffizi, Florence; Fortune Teller, Capitol Gallery, Rome; Lute Player, Liechtenstein Gallery, Vienna; Fortune Teller, A Concert, Death of the Virgin, Portrait of Grand Master of Malta, Louvre; Two Men Drinking, Modena Gallery; St. Sebastian, Brera, Milan; St. Matthew and Angel, Berlin Museum; Fortune Teller, Gamesters, Dresden Gallery; Lute Player, Christ crowned with Thorns, Martyrdom of St. Peter, Martyrdom of St. Sebastian, Hermitage, St. Petersburg; Supper at Emmaus, National Gallery, London.—Ch. Blanc, École ombrienne; Seguier, 3; Wornum,