Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings - Volume I.djvu/280

 *tan Academy of Rome, member of the French Institute, and president of the Academy of St. Luke. Pius VII. gave him the title of baron, and Francis I. the Order of the Iron Crown. Works: Horatio Cocles, Romulus and Remus, Count de Schünborn; Death of Cæsar, Death of Virginia, Continence of Scipio, Palazzo Reale, Naples; Departure of Regulus for Carthage; Incredulity of St. Thomas (mosaic in St. Peter's); Presentation in Temple, S. Giovanni, Piacenza; Death of the Magdalen, Entombment (painted for Charles IV. of Spain); Mission of Benedictine Monks to England (1833); Conversion of St. Paul (1834), SS. Apostoli, Rome.—Ottley.

CANALE, ANTONIO. See Canaletto.

CANALETTO, IL, born in Venice, Oct. 18, 1697, died there, April 20, 1768. Venetian school. Real name Antonio Canal or Canale; in Italy also called Il Tonino. Son of Rinaldo Canale, painter of theatrical scenery; followed same business for several years, and thus acquired great readiness of hand and fertility of invention. About 1719 he went to Rome, where he occupied himself in studying the antique, and painted many views of its architectural remains. On his return to Venice he devoted himself to painting picturesque views of that city in all its aspects—its canals, bridges, public places, palaces, and churches, and carnival and festival scenes full of figures. He visited England twice, and painted many successful pictures there, examples of which are to be seen at Windsor Castle. The gallery contains some of his finest pictures, views in Rome and Venice. He executed a great number of works, and there are few large collections without examples by him; but many pictures which pass under his name are by his pupils, Bellotto and Guardi. Ch. Blanc says Canaletto is unexcelled in painting architecture, in aërial perspective, and in rendering slightly ruffled water. His drawing is always precise and accurate and his colouring is wonderfully beautiful. But Ruskin avers that he is "less to be trusted for renderings of details than the rudest and most ignorant painter of the thirteenth century." His figures are not always good, and in some of his pictures they were put in by Tiepolo. Among his most noted works are the Church of S. M. della Salute in Venice, Louvre; and the Reception of Count Gergi, and the Marriage of the Doge with the Adriatic, Hermitage, St. Petersburg. Other excellent examples are: View of Ducal Palace, and View in Venice, Uffizi, Florence; View of Venice, Turin Gallery; do., Academia Carrara, Bergamo; Views in Venice (4), Berlin Museum; do. (4), Munich Gallery; View in Venice, View on Grand Canal, Piazzetta of S. Mark, Scuola di S. Rocco, Ducal Palace, View of Eton College, Landscape with Ruins, Regatta on Grand Canal, Grimani Palace, and others, National Gallery, London; and Seaport, Galleria Estense, Modena—Ch. Blanc, École vénitienne; Dohme, 2iii.; Seguier, 36; Burckhardt, 805.

CANDAULES, KING, Jean Léon Gérôme, Paris. Candaules, King of Lydia, proud of his wife's beauty, exhibited her unveiled charms to Gyges, a favourite officer. The Queen, having caught sight of Gyges as he was stealing from his place of concealment in her chamber, gave him the alternative of murdering Candaules and receiving her and the kingdom, or of suffering death himself. He chose the former alternative, and became the founder of the dynasty of the Mermnadæ. (Herod., i. 7; Just., i. 7). Engraved by A. François.

CANELLA, GIUSEPPE, born in Verona in 1788, died in Florence in 1847. Architecture and landscape painter; sketched in France, Germany, and Switzerland. Among his best works are: Views of Paris and the