Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings - Volume I.djvu/131

 Time.—Meyer, Künst. Lex., ii. 509; Müller, 20.

BACHE, OTTO, born at Roeskilde, Denmark, Aug. 21, 1839. Genre painter, pupil of Copenhagen Academy, under Marstrand, where he obtained prizes in 1856-57-66; completed his studies in Paris. Excels also in portraits and animals, and is noted for brilliant colouring. Medal, Copenhagen, 1872. Works: Drive to a Kirmess (1863); Wagons by Brickyard (1864), Copenhagen Gallery; Badger with her Young (1866); Centaur Playing with his Son (1869); Domestic Animals at Peasant's, Cart-Horses, Feeding the Dogs (1870); Father and Son (1871); Daniel in the Lion's Den, Visit to Young Mother (1874); After the Boar-Hunt (1875); Admiral Tordenskjold at Carlsten (1876);	Team of Horses by Tavern (1878); In the Mill (1879); Staghunt (1881); Winter Morning at the Exchange (1882).—Sigurd Müller, 18; Weilbach, 39.

BACHELIER, JEAN JACQUES, born in Paris, 1724, died there, April 13, 1806. Flower, animal, and history painter, pupil of Pierre. Received into the Academy in 1751 as flower painter, and in 1763 as history painter. In 1766 he established a free school of design for artisans, which, in 1767, passed into the hands of the Government. As instructor in the factory at Sèvres he exercised a marked influence upon French porcelain painting. He made the first researches in the use of wax for encaustic painting, and thus became intimate with Count Caylus and other French archæologists. His Cimon in Prison is in the Louvre.—Ch. Blanc, École française, ii.; Meyer, Künst. Lex., ii. 512.

BACHELIN, AUGUSTE, born in Neufchâtel, Switzerland, Sept. 27, 1830. History, genre, and landscape painter, pupil in Neufchâtel of Moritz and in Paris (1852) of Gleyre and Couture. Confined himself at first to genre and landscape, but after 1859, when he accompanied Garibaldi's volunteers, painted chiefly military scenes. Afterwards travelled through France; spent the winter of 1864-65 in Italy, where he painted popular life. Works: March of a Swiss Battalion (1860); Bourbaki's Army Entering Swiss Territory; Scene from Defence of Switzerland (1866); Death of Ensign Montmollin (1866), Neufchâtel Museum; Haymakers of the Alps (1863); Poachers of Uri (1863); Wrestlers of Hasli (1867); Two Fancy Scenes from Prehistoric Times.—Meyer, Künst. Lex., ii. 513; Müller, 21; Kunst-Chronik, v. 189; vii. 108.

BACKER, ADRIAEN, born in Amsterdam in 1636, died there in 1686. Dutch school; history and portrait painter, nephew of Jacob B.; followed at first the traditions of the school of Utrecht, afterwards formed himself entirely after Italian models. Works: Allegory, Antwerp Museum; Semiramis (1669), Last Judgment, National Museum, Amsterdam; Anatomical Lecture (1670), Athenæum, ib.; Managers of Medical College, ib.; male portrait, Rotterdam Museum; do. and female portrait, Endymion and Diana, Sleeping Girl and Shepherd, Rape of Sabine Women (1671), Brunswick Gallery.—Meyer, Künst. Lex., ii. 519; Riegel, Beiträge, ii. 300.

BACKER (Bakker), JACOB, born at Haerlingen in 1608 or 1609, died at Amsterdam, Aug. 27, 1651. Dutch school; portrait painter, pupil at Leeuwarden of Lambert Jacobsz, then at Amsterdam (1635-38) of Rembrandt, but later yielded to the influence of Van der Helst and others. Works: Syndics, Two Archery Pieces (one of 1642), National Museum, Amsterdam; Venus,