Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings - Volume I.djvu/127

 AVELLINO, GIULIO, or GIACINTO, called Il Messinese, born in Messina, about the middle of 17th century, died in Ferrara, Aug. 3, 1700. Neapolitan school; pupil of Salvator Rosa in Naples; returned to Messina and married the daughter of Maffei, his first teacher in perspective and architecture. Having wounded a priest in a quarrel, he fled to Naples, but pursued by the love and jealousy of a woman, who attempted to poison his wife, went to Rome, and afterwards to Venice. After visiting other cities he settled in Ferrara and there successfully revived the art of landscape painting, which had been extinct since the death of Dossi.—Meyer, Künst. Lex., ii. 467.

AVERCAMP, HENDRIK, surnamed de Stomme (Mute) van Kampen, born probably at Kampen on the Yssel about 1585 (?), died about 1635 (?). Dutch school; landscape painter, closely approaching the style of W. Buytenvrech and E. van de Velde; painted chiefly winter landscapes. His highly esteemed water-colour sketches and drawings are in the Taylor Museum, Haarlem (8), Hamburg Gallery (4), Städel Gallery, Frankfort (10), Berlin Museum (3), Albertina, Vienna (4). Works: Landscape, Antwerp Museum; River Landscape, Rotterdam Museum; Landscape (1620), Amalienstift, Dessau; Dutch Kirmess on the Ice (2), Dresden Gallery; Frozen River with Skaters (2), Berlin Museum; Winter Landscape, Schwerin Gallery.—Meyer, Künst. Lex., ii. 469.

AVERNUS, LAKE, the Fates, and the Golden Bough, J. M. W. Turner, National Gallery, London; canvas, H. 3 ft. 5 in. × 5 ft. 4 in. Lake Avernus, near Cumæ, Italy, with Baiæ and Vesuvius in distance. Supposed to be fed by the Acheron, the river of the infernal regions—hence the entrance to Hades. The golden bough was a branch of the tree of Proserpine which, when plucked by the favour of the Fates, enabled mortals to visit and return from Hades (Æneid, VI.), Royal Academy, 1834; Vernon Collection, 1847. Engraved by T. A. Prior, J. T. Willmore.—Cat. Nat. Gal.; Hamerton, Life.

AVONT, PEETER VAN DEN, born at Mechlin, baptized Jan. 14, 1600, died at Deurne, near Antwerp, Nov. 1, 1652. Flemish school; history and landscape painter, master of Antwerp guild in 1622-23, became a citizen of Antwerp in 1631. Often supplied the landscapes of Vinck-Boons, Jan Brueghel the elder and the younger, Lucas van Uden, Jan Wildens, J. d'Arthois, Luc. Achtschellinck, and Lod. de Vadder with delicately painted small figures. Works: Holy Family, St. James', Antwerp; Madonna, St. Nicholas' Chapel, ib.; do. and Angels in a Landscape, Ghent Museum; Wooded Landscape with Holy Family, do. with Madonna and St. John, Flora with Genii, Museum, Vienna; Landscape with Diana Aiming at Mother with two Children, Madonna and Angels, Silenus and Bacchus, Liechtenstein Gallery, ib.; Holy Family and Angels, Munich Gallery.—Kramm, i. 36; Meyer, Künst. Lex., ii. 479.

AXARETO. See Assereto.

AZE, ADOLPHE, born in Paris, March 6, 1822, died there, March 25, 1884. History painter, pupil of Robert-Fleury; visited Italy and the East and first exhibited in the Salon in 1845. Medals: 3d class, 1851, 1863. Works: Diana Surprised by Endymion; Council of Cardinals (1851), Rodez Museum; Jean Goujon Decorated by Duke of Anjou (1855), Bagnères-de-Bigorre Museum; Cosimo de Medicis Assassinating his Son in the Streets of Venice; Interview between Philip II. and Don Carlos.—Chronique des Arts (1884), 105.

AZEGLIO (Massimo Taparelli), MARCHESE D', born in Turin, Oct. 24, 1798, died there, Jan. 15, 1866. Landscape and genre painter, pupil of M. Verstappen in Rome; excelled especially in landscapes, which he enlivened with figures. In 1833 he exhibited in Milan seventeen pictures which were most favourably received. Prime