Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings (IA cyclopediaofpain04cham).pdf/42

 *traits, took up landscape painting in 1814, and soon acquired reputation and great favour in Vienna. Works: Peasant Cottage with Two Women and a Child, Hohenstaufen Mountain seen from Aigen, Vienna Museum; Ideal Landscapes (1816, 1820, 1822, 3; 1826, 3; 1835); Cemetery with Chapel, Cupid shedding Arrows among the Animals (1824); Views in Salzburg (3), do. in Sorrento (1832); St. George's Fight with the Dragon (1834); Grass Mower Drinking (1837); The Outcast (1838). His sons, Franz and Friedrich, were also landscape painters, and exhibited in Vienna in 1816-50. Landscape by Franz in Vienna Museum.—Hormayr, Archiv (1821), Nos. 27, 28; (1822), Nos. 95, 152; (1824), Nos. 105, 106; Wurzbach, xxv. 217.

REINHOLD, HEINRICH, born at Gera in 1790, died at Albano, Jan. 15, 1825. Landscape painter, brother of preceding, studied first in Dresden, then at Vienna Academy, and in 1809-14 in Paris; went to Rome in 1819. Works: Capo d'Orlando on Coast of Sicily (1821), National Gallery, Berlin; Capuchin Garden near Sorrento, New Pinakothek, Munich; View in Carinthian Alps; Grotto La Cucumella in Naples; View of Capri; View in Piano di Sorrento, Leipsic Museum; View of Ætna from Taormina. His younger brother, Gustav, landscape painter, pupil of Friedrich Philipp, exhibited in Vienna in 1826-46, and lived also some time in Rome.—Hormayr, Archiv (1821), 108; N. Necrol. der D. (1825), 1279; Riegel, Gesch. des Wiederauflebens der d. K., 337; Wurzbach, xxv. 220.

REMBRANDT VAN RYN, born in Leyden, July 15, 1607, died in Amsterdam, buried Oct. 8, 1669. Dutch school; his father, Harmen Gerritsz, a miller, and his mother, Neeltgen Willems van Suyddtbroek, daughter of a baker, lived in a house situated in the Weddersteeg (Street of the Tank), near the Witte Poort (White Gate) and there Rembrandt was born. Having little taste for books, and a strong natural love of art, he was early apprenticed for three years to Iakob Isaacz van Swanenburch, a second-rate painter, who had settled at Leyden in 1617 after his return from Italy. Then followed six months' study with Pieter Lastman, and a return to Leyden about 1624. Rembrandt's earliest signed works date from 1627. Three years later (1630) he removed from Leyden to Amsterdam, where he spent the remainder of his life. He never left Holland, and in it visited only Dordrecht, Friesland, Gueldres, and perhaps Clèves. With his first wife, Saskia van Ulenburgh, whom he married in 1634, and who died in 1642, he lived very happily, and the portraits of her at Cassel (1633), Dresden (1633, 1641?), and Berlin (1643), are among his finest works. They lived in a house at Amsterdam, in the Breedstraat, where he collected many fine Italian and Dutch pictures, glass, armour, porcelain, etc. Here he painted, etched, and directed the studies of numerous pupils. For fourteen years after Saskia's death Rembrandt and his son, Titus, lived in this house, at the end of which time, as his affairs were hopelessly involved, it was sold by auction with its contents. For the remainder of his days the great artist lived in comparative poverty. As etcher and painter, he holds a unique place in the history of art. No one has rivalled him in the management of light and shade; few in colour, in character, in the expression of homely but deep sentiment. Absolutely original, he taught many able scholars, whose best efforts only show how unapproachable he is. Works: Old Man with Gorget and Turban (1630 or 1631), Portrait of Coppenol (1631), Youth (1634), Portrait of a Turk (1636?), Sobrisky Portrait (1636?), Elderly Lady (1637 or 1638), Rembrandt's Mother (1640), Rabbi Manasseh Ben Israel (1645),