Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings (IA cyclopediaofpain04cham).pdf/339

 VACCARO, ANDREA, born in Naples in 1598, died there in 1670. Neapolitan school; pupil of Girolamo Imparato; followed first the style of Caravaggio and later that of Guido. After the death of Stanzioni he was considered the best painter in Naples, until Luca Giordano came to maturity. Pictures in churches in Naples, and Massacre of the Innocents, Baptism of St. Candidus, Naples Museum; Christ appearing to Mary, Dresden Gallery; Christ at the Column, Infant Christ sleeping in the Arms of St. John, Old Pinakothek, Munich; Christ on the Cross, Germanic Museum, Nuremberg; Magdalen Penitent, Hermitage, St. Petersburg.—Lanzi, ii. 42; Ch. Blanc, École napolitaine; Burckhardt, 768, 792; Lavice, 224.

VACHE BLANCHE (The White Cow), Émil van Marcke, Samuel F. Barger, New York; canvas. A fine study of a white cow in a pleasing landscape, which, however, is subordinate to the figure.

VADDER, LODEWYCK DE, born in Brussels, baptized April 8, 1605, died there, buried Aug. 10, 1655. Flemish school; landscape painter, seems to have been in Italy and studied Titian. Master of the guild at Brussels, 1628. Excelled in rendering early morning mist and effects of light. Approached Rubens in richness and vivacity of colour. Works: Woodland Scene, Darmstadt Museum; Two Landscapes with Figures, Ferdinandeum, Innsbruck; Horsemen passing through Ravine, Old Pinakothek, Munich; Landscape, Stockholm Museum.—Immerzeel, iii. 152; Kugler (Crowe), ii. 341; Kramm, vi. 1665; Kunst-Chronik, xxi. 523.

VAENIUS (Venius), OTHO, born at Leyden in 1558, died in Brussels, May 6, 1629. Flemish school. Real name Octavio van Veen. History and portrait painter, pupil at Leyden of Isack Claesz Swanenburg, called Nicolai, and at Liège (1572) of Lampsonius, then in Rome (1575-80) of F. Zucchero; returned to Liège and in 1584 to Leyden; went to Antwerp in 1593; master of the guild there in 1594, its dean in 1602-3; became court painter to Albrecht and Isabella, governors of the Netherlands, who called him to Brussels as superintendent of the mint; received into the guild there in 1620. He was the master of Rubens, and a good poet and scholar. Works: Portraits (2), Madrid Museum; Artist and his Family (1584), Louvre; Crucifixion, Christ bearing the Cross, Marriage of St. Catherine (1589), Brussels Museum; Raising of Lazarus, Ghent Cathedral; Serpent on the Fig-Tree, Calling of St. Matthew, Charity of St. Nicholas, Miracle by St. Nicholas, St. Paul at Cæsarea, Portrait of Jean Miraeus, Museum, Antwerp; Christ and the Repentant Sinners, The Virgin nursing Infant Christ, Last Supper, Raising of Lazarus, Raising of Widow's Son, Entombment, Cathedral, ib.; Martyrdom of St. Andrew, St. Andrew's, ib.; Twelve Scenes in History of the Ancient Batavians (1613), Amsterdam Museum; Descent from the Cross, Aschaffenburg Gallery; Allegory on Fall of Man, Bamberg Gallery; Assumption (1608), Brunswick Gallery; Minerva protecting Youth, Stockholm Museum; Unadvised Youth, Cologne Museum; Minerva and the Muses, Berlin Museum; Triumph of Catholic Church (6), Fifteen Scenes in History of Christ and the Virgin, Schleissheim Gallery; Rape of Proserpine, Stuttgart Museum; Holy Family, Portraits of Archdukes Albrecht and Ernst, Vienna Museum.—Ch. Blanc, École flamande; Van den Branden, 401; Immerzeel, iii. 157; Kramm, vi. 1679; Messager des sciences hist. (1868), 328; (1877), 313; Michiels, vi. 352, 468; Rooses (Reber), 148;