Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings (IA cyclopediaofpain04cham).pdf/321

 Museum; St. James, St. Philip, Christ and the Adulteress, Solomon's Judgment, Salzburg Museum; Solomon's Idolatry, Abigail, Christ and St. John as Children, Corpus Christi, Ferdinandeum, Innsbruck; St. Francis in Prayer, Hermannstadt Gallery; Many altarpieces and fresco paintings in churches at Vienna, Salzburg, and in abbeys of Lower and Upper Austria; Portraits of Imperial Family, of Raphael and Mathias Donner.—Tyrol. K. Lex., 252; Wurzbach, xlvii. 227.

TROOST, CORNELIS, born in Amsterdam, Oct. 8, 1697, died there, March 7, 1750. Dutch school; genre and portrait painter, pupil of Arnold Boonen, but owed his development principally to his own studies after good masters and from life. Excelled in genre, guard-house, and private-life scenes, and in illustrations of plays of the time. Painted chiefly in gouache and pastel. Was called the Dutch Hogarth. Works: Portrait Group of Four Children with an Ape (1723), Regents' Piece with Six Portraits (1724), do. with Eight (1729), Anatomy Lesson (1728), Three Members of Surgeons' Guild (1731), Alexander the Great in Battle on the Granicus (1737), Artist's Portrait (2), Amsterdam Museum; Portraits of Man and Wife (1744), Haarlem Museum; Nine Scenes from Dutch Comedies (1737-41), Five Convivial Scenes (1739-40), Epiphany Singers, Love Song (1745), Artist's Portrait (1745), Hague Museum; Lying-in Room in Holland, Rotterdam Museum; Victory of Constantine over Maxentius, Naval Battle, Bamberg Gallery; Eating his Breakfast (1740), Schwerin Gallery.—Ch. Blanc, École hollandaise; Burger, Musées, i. 285; Immerzeel, iii. 144; Kramm, vi. 1644.

TROOSTWYCK, WOUTER JOANNES VAN, born at Amsterdam in 1782, died there in 1810. Landscape, animal, and portrait painter, pupil of Juriaan Andriessen (1742-1819), but studied chiefly from nature, and was much influenced by the masters of the 17th century, notably by Potter. Works: Landscapes in Gelderland (2), Amsterdam Museum; Landscape with Animals, Rotterdam Museum.—Immerzeel, iii. 146; Kramm, vi. 1648.

TROTTER, NEWBOLD HOUGH, born in Philadelphia, Pa., Jan. 4, 1827. Animal painter; had no special master, though he derived aid and instruction from William T. van Starkenborg, cattle painter, at The Hague; studied chiefly from nature in this country. Has painted in Boston and in Philadelphia, where his studio now is. Works: The Fading Race (1877), owned in London; Wounded Bison pursued by Wolves, The Last Stand, After the Combat, Grizzly Bears on the March, Indian Camp near Powder River, painted for Gen. William T. Sherman for War Department, Washington; Bison Fighting, Herd of Elk in Winter, A. Padelford, Philadelphia; Pictures (3) representing progress of transportation in Pennsylvania during fifty years, Henry H. Houston, Pennsylvania Railroad; Fifty Years Ago, El Mahdi (lion asleep), In the Soudan (lion and lioness), owned in Philadelphia; Jersey Beauties (1880); Elk and Twins, Rocks at Newport (1881); September (1883); Victorious (1886); Range of the Bison (1887).

TROTTI, GIOVANNI BATTISTA, Cavaliere, born in Cremona in 1555, died after 1607. Lombard school; called Il Malosso because when Agostino Carracci painted in competition with him, at Parma, he said that he had found a hard bone (mal osso) to crack. Favourite pupil of Bernardino Campi, whose niece he married and of whom he became the heir. Studied also Correggio and Bernardo Gatti, whose manner he exaggerated. He had a rich imagination and great facility of execution, and painted many works for churches in Cremona, Piacenza, and Parma. His most noted works are frescos in the Palazzo del Giordino, and in the cupola of