Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings (IA cyclopediaofpain04cham).pdf/297

 Contest of Ajax and Ulysses for Arms of Achilles, with which he won the prize in competition with Parrhasius; The Death of Palamedes; a Hero preserved in the Temple of Peace at Rome; Sleeping Cyclops, a small picture in which the subject was made to appear gigantic by the introduction of some satyrs measuring his thumb with a thyrsus; and the Sacrifice of Iphigenia, one of the most famous of ancient paintings. In this picture, which was painted in competition with Colotes of Teos, the artist represented Agamemnon veiled, because, most critics say, he felt a father's grief to be beyond the power of his art; but it seems more reasonable to believe that he did so in obedience to that truly Greek sentiment which demanded a certain dignity and reserve in treating the most tragic subjects. The features of the King, distorted with grief, would have violated this feeling, and an impassive countenance would have exposed the painter to the charge of coldness. Wisely, then, he hid it from sight and left its workings to the imagination. This picture is spoken of by Cicero (Orat., 22), by Quintilian (ii. 13), and by Valerius Maximus (viii. 11, ext. 6). Timanthes probably took the hint of veiling Agamemnon from Euripides (Iphig. Aul., 1550). A supposed imitation of this picture was found on a house wall at Pompeii (Mus. Borb., iv. 3).

TIMANTHES, painter, of Sicyon, 3d century Plutarch praises (Arat., 32) his picture of the Battle of Pelleni, in which Aratus won a victory over the Ætolians (240 ).

TIMARETE, painter, daughter of Micon the younger. She painted a Diana, preserved at Ephesus, said by Pliny (xxxv. 40 [147]) to have been in a very ancient style of art.

TIMBAL, LOUIS CHARLES, born in Paris in 1822, died there, Nov. 20, 1880. Sacred history painter, pupil of Drolling. Medals: 2d class, 1848, 1857, 1859; 1st class, 1861; L. of Honour, 1864. Works: Christ carried to Tomb, Virgin and Magdalen at Foot of the Cross (1848); Christ's Agony on Mount of Olives (1849); St. John the Apostle at Ephesus (1851); Captive Jews in Babylon, Resurrection of Jairus's Daughter (1852); Madonna (1853); Christ bearing his Cross, and Portrait of Cardinal Donnet (1855); The Church Triumphant, Pierrefitte (1857); Obsequies of a Christian Martyr (1857); Madame d'Oseville, and Virgin at Foot of Cross (1858); Mass at St. Peter's (1859); St. John at Ephesus, Lyons (1860); The Studio (Princess Mathilde), St. Rose of Viterbo (1861); Chapel of St. Geneviève at St. Sulpice (1862-64); Chapel of the Catechism at St. Étienne du Mont (1865); A Venetian (1865); The Muse and the Poet (1866), Louvre; The Agony of our Lord (1867), Luxembourg Museum; mural paintings (1873-76), Church of the Sorbonne; four pictures (1877), Chapel of the Novitiate, Rennes; Burial of our Lord (1878); Presentation of the Virgin, Church of Incarville, Eure; Portraits of Vicomte Delaborde, Church Levêque, Émile Saisset, Duke and Duchess de la Rochefoucauld, Duchess de Mirepoix, and M. G. des Seguins.—Meyer, Gesch., 364; Larousse; L'Art (1880), xxiii. 216; Ch. Timbal, Notes et causeries sur l'Art, with a notice of his life and works by the Vicomte H. Delaborde (Paris, 1881).

TIMOCLEA BEFORE ALEXANDER, Domenichino, Louvre; canvas, oval, H. 3 ft. 9 in. × 4 ft. 11 in. Alexander, on a throne before a tent, surrounded by guards, gives her freedom to Timoclea, who is led before him by a Thracian soldier, and restores her children to her; in background, at right, Alexander's troops entering Thebes (Bœotia). Collection of Louis XIV., who bought it in 1685. Engraved by Delignon.—Villot, Cat. Louvre; Musée français, i. Part 1; Filhol, ix. Pl. 643; Landon, Vies, Pl. 111.

TIMOMACHUS, a famous Greek painter, of Byzantium, probably 1st century , though some place him earlier. Pliny says (xxxv. 40 [136]) that Julius Cæsar bought his two pictures, Ajax, and Medea, for