Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings (IA cyclopediaofpain04cham).pdf/229

 New York; burned in 18—. Scene from Mrs. Radcliffe's novel, "The Italian." Schedoni, a monk, who has engaged the fisherman Spalatro to murder Ellena, the heroine of the story, is conducting him with a lamp through the vaults, when Spalatro is seized with terror at the vision of a bloody hand. Considered by Allston his best picture. Painted in 1832 for H. S. Ball, of Charleston, S. C.; passed to John Taylor Johnston, of New York, at whose sale (1876) sold for $3,900 to H. R. Bishop; burned at his country-seat on the Hudson.

SPANGENBERG, FRIEDRICH, born at Göttingen, Dec. 3, 1843, died on Mount Vesuvius, June 25, 1874. History painter, pupil in Munich of Ramberg, then (1861) in Venice of Pauwels; returned to Munich, where he received marks of distinction from the Union for Historical Art, and, provided with the great stipend, was about to complete his studies in Italy, when he was struck down by paralysis of the heart while ascending Mount Vesuvius. Works: Triumph of the American Union, Capitol, Washington; Vandals Plundering; Geiserich's Departure from Rome.—Kunst-Chronik, ix. 627.

SPANGENBERG, GUSTAV (ADOLF), born in Hamburg, Feb. 1, 1828. History and genre painter, pupil in Hamburg of Hermann Kauffmann, in Hanau of Pellissier, then of Antwerp Academy (1848-50), and in Paris (1851-57) of Couture and the sculptor Triqueti; copied in the Louvre, visited England and Holland, and in 1857-58 Italy, and settled in Berlin. Professor; member of Berlin, Vienna, and Hanau Academies. Medals: Cologne, 1861; Berlin, 1868, 1876; Vienna, 1873. Works: Amsterdam Orphan Girls (1851), Donkey Driver's Siesta (1855), Walpurgis Night (1862), Hamburg Gallery; Rat Charmer of Hameln; St. John's Eve in Cologne; Luther as Squire George; Luther making Music at Home (1866), Leipsic Museum; Luther and Melanchthon (1867), Mr. Probasco, Cincinnati; Luther translating the Bible (1870), Procession of Death (1876), National Gallery, Berlin; Luther's Entry into Worms (1875), Königsberg Museum; Allegory of Labour and Vice (1878); Will o' the Wisp (1879); Three Marys at Christ's Tomb (1880). In fresco: The Four Faculties (1885), University, Halle.—Jordan (1885), ii. 219; Leixner, Mod. K., ii. 82; Müller, 499; Rosenberg, Berl. Malersch., 225; Illustr. Zeitg. (1883), ii. 345; D. Rundschau, ix. 324; xvii. 301; xxi. 147; Zeitschr. f. b. K., vi. 144; xii. 292.

SPANGENBERG, LOUIS, born in Hamburg in 1824. Landscape and architecture painter, pupil in Munich of Emil Kirchner, then studied in Brussels; travelled in France, England, Italy, and Greece, and settled in Berlin in 1857. Member of Berlin Academy. Works: Citadel of Corinth; Acropolis of Athens (several times); Uglei Lake in Holstein; Village in Burgundy; Farmyard in Oldenburg (1862); The Regenstein in the Hartz Mountains; Fishermen's Hut on the Baltic (1866); Theatre of Herodes Atticus at Athens (Jubilee Exhibition, Berlin, 1886).

SPANISH MARRIAGE. See Marriage.

SPASIMO DI SICILIA, Raphael, Madrid Museum; wood transferred to canvas, H. 9 ft. 10 in. × 7 ft. 6 in. Christ, on the way to Calvary, has sunk under the weight of the cross, which Simon of Cyrene offers to carry; an executioner, at left, endeavours to drag him along by a rope, while another raises his spear to strike him; but, regardless of his own sufferings, he turns consolingly to the Virgin, who, kneeling with outstretched arms, is supported by St. John and Mary Magdalen; behind them follow other women and a procession of Roman soldiers and citizens from the city gates; in the background, a mounted standard-bearer is turning towards Calvary, seen in distance. The word Spasimo (spasm) is in allusion to the