Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings (IA cyclopediaofpain04cham).pdf/221

 *donna of the Green Cushion, Louvre; Portraits (2), National Gallery, London; Christ crowned with Thorns, at Lütschena, near Leipsic; Holy Family, dated 1515, Casa Poldi, Milan; and Madonna with St. John, Leuchtenberg Gallery, St. Petersburg. Solario's portraits are of exceptional excellence. C. & C. attribute to him the Columbine, Hermitage, St. Petersburg, generally ascribed to B. Luini.—C. & C., N. Italy, ii. 51; Moschini (Florence, 1832); Burckhardt, 702; Calvi, Notizie, ii. 277; Ch. Blanc, École milanaise; Lübke, Gesch. ital. Mal., ii. 448; Gaz. des B. Arts (1883), xxviii. 43.

SOLARIO, ANTONIO. See Zingaro.

SOLIERO. See Morelli.

SOLIMENA (Solimene), FRANCESCO, Cavaliere, born at Nocera de' Pagani, Oct. 4, 1657, died in Naples, April 5, 1747. Neapolitan school; called sometimes l'Abate Ciccio and sometimes il Calabrese ringentilito (Calabrese ennobled). Pupil of his father, Angelo Solimene, a respectable painter; afterwards of Francesco di Maria and of Giacomo del Po. Later formed a style of his own by imitating Pietro da Cortona, Lanfranco, Calabrese, Guido, and Carlo Maratti. He enjoyed a great reputation in his time, and was employed by several popes and by most of the princes of Europe; but he must be ranked with those who hastened the deterioration of Italian art. Among his works are: The Brazen Serpent, Prometheus Chained, St. John the Baptist, Artist's Portrait, Madrid Museum; Religion, Hermitage, St. Petersburg; frescos in sacristies of S. Paolo and S. Domenico Maggiore, Naples; Heliodorus, Gesù Nuovo, ib.; Diana and Callisto, Uffizi, Florence.—Lanzi, ii. 60; Burckhardt, 768, 775; Seguier, 196; Ch. Blanc, École napolitaine.

SOLIS, FRANCISCO DE, born in Madrid in 1629, died there, Sept. 25, 1684. Spanish school; his father, who had studied under Alonso de Herrera, gave him lessons in painting, but educated him for the church. Francisco preferred to paint, and with Velasquez for a friend and counsellor, bade fair to become pre-eminent in his profession; but his indolence and wealth made him a picture collector rather than a painter. Executed works for the conventual churches of Madrid, Alcalá, and Valladolid, of which the best was a Virgin of the Conception, belonging to the Capuchins of the Prado.—Stirling, iii. 1022.

SOLOMON, ABRAHAM, born in London in 1824, died at Biarritz, France, Dec. 19, 1862. Genre painter, pupil of the Royal Academy, where he exhibited his first picture, The Courtship of Ditchen (subject from Crabbe), in 1843. His best pictures are well known through engravings. Works: Third Class—Parting, First Class—Return (1854); Waiting for the Verdict (1857); Not Guilty (1859); Malade Imaginaire, Consolation (1861); The Lost Found (1862).

SOLOMON, HISTORY OF, Raphael. See Raphael's Bible.

SOLOMON, JUDGMENT OF, Nicolas Poussin, Louvre, Paris; canvas, H. 3 ft. 4 in. × 4 ft. 11 in. Solomon, seated upon an elevated throne, in centre, extending his hands, pronounces sentence; in foreground, the mothers kneeling, one making a gesture of terror at seeing her child, which a soldier armed with a sword holds by one foot; the other, holding the dead child, cries out against the execution of the judgment; other women and soldiers standing. Painted in 1649; at Versailles in 1709-10. Sketch in Louvre. Engraved by Chasteau; E. Baudet; Dughet; Drevet; A. Testa; Anne; André Morel; C. Normand.—Landon, Musée, vi. Pl. 65; Filhol, viii. Pl. 541.

By Raphael, Camera della Segnatura, Vatican; fresco on ceiling. Solomon enthroned, at right; a man at left about to cut in two the child, whom he holds by one leg,