Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings (IA cyclopediaofpain03cham).pdf/507

 *scape with Cattle and Herdsmen, Sunset in the Mountains, Louvre; Deer-Hunt, Brussels Museum; Border of Italian Lake, Pilgrimage, Italian Landscapes (2), Amsterdam Museum; The Torrent, Hague Museum; others in Museums of Rotterdam (3), Aix-la-Chapelle (2), Basle, Berlin (2, one dated 1654), Brunswick, Dresden, Gotha (3), Vienna; Galleries of Aschaffenburg, Cassel, Frankfort, Hamburg (3), Schleissheim; Old Pinakothek, Munich (2, one dated 1659); Gallery, and Moltke Collection (2), Copenhagen; Hermitage, St. Petersburg (5); Academy, and Czernin and Liechtenstein (3) Galleries, Vienna; Uffizi, Florence.—Immerzeel, ii. 331; Kramm, v. 1326; Kugler (Crowe), ii. 488; Riegel, Beiträge, ii. 377.

PYNAS, JAN, born at Haarlem about 1580, died after 1621. Dutch school; biblical scenes, history, and landscape painter. Went to Italy with Pieter Lastman, Goudt, and Elzheimer in 1605. Adopted the so-called dark style; on his return settled at Haarlem. He painted also single figures, philosophers, alchymists, and the like. Accepted by most writers as one of Rembrandt's masters. Works: The Miser, Uffizi, Florence (?); Picture of a Bearded Man, Gotha Gallery (?); Mary and St. John under the Cross, Hague Museum; Expulsion of Hagar (1613), Suermondt Museum, Aix-la-Chapelle; Moses striking the Rock, Vienna Museum. About his younger brother Jacob, probably his pupil, nothing is known, except that he painted: Queen of Sheba (1627). The following works may be by either of the two: Raising of Lazarus (1609); Christ's Walk to Emmaus.—Bode, Studien, 343; Kramm, v. 1287; Nagler, Mon., iii. 526; iv. 82.

PYRAMIDS, BATTLE OF THE, Baron Gros, Versailles Museum; canvas, H. 12 ft. 9 in. × 16 ft. 9 in. Battle fought July 21, 1798. The picture illustrates the moment when Bonaparte addressed his army with the famous words: "Soldiers, remember that from the summit of those monuments forty centuries look down upon you!" The general-in-chief, mounted upon a superb white horse, in the centre of the composition, points to the Pyramids in the distance, while his staff and others around him are electrified by his words. In the background, the army of Mourad Bey is deploying, its vanguard just opening the engagement. Salon, 1810. Engraved by Vallot; J. Frilley.—Larousse, xiii. 449; Ch. Blanc, École française.

PYREICUS, painter. See Piræicus.

PYRRHON, the Sceptic, Greek philosopher of Elis, in the 4th century, was a painter in early life. A picture of some torchbearers, painted by him in the gymnasium of his native town, is mentioned by Diogenes Laertius (ix. 62).—Sillig, 399.

PYRRHUS, RESCUE OF, Nicolas Poussin, Louvre; canvas, H. 3 ft. 10 in. × 5 ft. 3 in. Æacides, King of Epirus, having been driven from his kingdom by rebels, Pyrrhus, his infant son, is saved by his adherents; the flying party, coming to a river and having no means of crossing it, make known their situation to the Megarians on the opposite bank, who construct a raft and rescue them from their pursuers. Collection of Louis XIV. Engraved by G. Audran; G. Chasteau (1676). Replica in small, Lord Darnley, Cobham Hall.—Cat. Louvre; Filhol, x. Pl. 667; Waagen, Treasures, iii. 25; Smith, viii. 88.

PYTHAGORAS, Rubens, Buckingham Palace; canvas, H. 8 ft. 8 in. × 12 ft. 6 in. Pythagoras, seated at foot of a tree, at right, teaching his disciples, three of whom stand near him, the use of fruit and vegetables, quantities of which are piled in the fore