Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings (IA cyclopediaofpain03cham).pdf/488

 Rooses (Reber), 374; Van den Branden, 284.

POURBUS, PEETER, the younger, born at Gouda, 1510 or 1513, died in Bruges or in Antwerp, Jan. 30, 1584. Flemish school; history and portrait painter, supposed pupil of Lanzelot Blondeel in Bruges, whose daughter he married. Was a remarkable geometrician. Works: Portraits of John and Adrienne Fernagant (1551), Last Judgment (1551), Triptych with Descent from the Cross, Bruges Academy; Last Judgment, City Hall, Bruges; others in several churches, ib.; Portrait of Charles V. (1551), Annunciata Convent, ib.; Resurrection, Louvre; Portrait of J. Van der Gheenste (1583), Brussels Museum; Moses with the Decalogue, Hague Museum; Portrait of a Lady, Rotterdam Museum; Male Portrait, Copenhagen Gallery; do. (5, two dated 1548, 1550), Vienna Museum; Portrait of a Princess, Naples Museum; Portrait of Dr. Ambroise Paré, Historical Society, New York.—Ch. Blanc, École flamande; Brandon, 278; Kugler (Crowe), i. 253; Messager des sciences hist. (1870); Michiels, v. 386; De Stuers, 236; Weale, Cat. Bruges Acad. (1861), 34.

POUSSIN, GASPARD. See Dughet.

POUSSIN, NICOLAS, born at Andelys, Normandy, in June, 1593, died in Rome, Nov. 19, 1665. French school; history and landscape painter, pupil of Quentin Varin in Andelys, and of Noël Jouvenet, Ferdinand Elle, and Lallemont in Paris. Despite needy circumstances and two unsuccessful attempts, he made his way in 1624 to Rome, where he studied nature and the antique with the sculptor Duquesnoy; married the daughter of Jacques Dughet, and adopted his son Gaspard, who took his name and afterwards rivalled him in fame as a painter; painted for Cardinal Barberini, and remained until 1640, when Louis XIII. sent M. de Chanteloup to bring him back to France. Although the king made him his first painter and showered honours upon him, Poussin found his position at Paris so intolerable on account of the jealous intrigues of Vouet, Fouquières, and Mercier, that he returned to Rome on a leave of absence after two years, and considering himself freed from keeping his promise to return, by the death of Cardinal Richelieu in 1642, and of the king in the following year, remained there the rest of his life. His noble style, his skill in composition, his elegance in the grouping and disposition of his figures, and his truly grand and poetic feeling in landscape, entitle him to the first place among painters of the French school. Works: Rebekah and Eliezer, Moses saved from the Waters (seven figures), same subject (ten figures), Moses and Pharaoh's Crown, Moses and Aaron's Rod, Manna in the Desert, Plague of Ashdod, Judgment of Solomon, Adoration of Magi, Holy Family, another Holy Family, Blind Men of Jericho, Woman taken in Adultery, Last Supper, Assumption, Apparition of Virgin to St. James, Death of Sapphira, St. John Baptizing, St. Paul in Ecstasy, St. Francis Xavier restoring to Life a Girl, Rape of the Sabines, Camillus and the Schoolmaster, Rescue of Pyrrhus, Mars and Venus, Mars and Rhea Sylvia, Bacchanal (2), Echo and Narcissus, Triumph of Flora, The Concert, Shepherds of Arcadia, Time protecting Truth from Envy and Discord, Portrait of Poussin, Paradise, Ruth and Boaz, Return of the Spies, Deluge, Orpheus and Eurydice, Diogenes throwing away his Tub, Apollo and Daphne, Louvre; Repose of Holy Family, Avignon Museum; Rebekah and Eliezer, Baptism of Christ, Death