Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings (IA cyclopediaofpain03cham).pdf/451

 The Meuse near Dinant (1879); Street at Liverdun, Norman Coast at Hennequeville (1880); Views in Lorraine (1881, 1882, 1883); Ostend (1882); Village of Circourt-Vosges (1883); Basin of Canal at Antwerp, Village in Country of Neufchâteau (1884); Street at Liverdun—Lorraine, Ramparts of Vliessingen (1885); Domgermain-le-Vignoble, Stockade of Ostend (1886).—Bellier, ii. 252.

PETITOT, JEAN, born at Geneva, July 12, 1607, died at Vevay in 1691. French school; portrait painter in enamel of great renown, supposed to have gone to Paris at an early age, and about 1634 to London, where the king's physician, Sir Theodore de Mayerne, an excellent chemist, communicated his discoveries in the treatment of enamels to Petitot, and introduced him to Charles I., who took him into his service and gave him apartments at Whitehall. He painted the portrait of that monarch and the royal family several times, and copied several pictures after Van Dyck, who assisted him with his advice. After the death of Charles I. he followed the royal family to France, where he found equal favour with Louis XIV., but on the revocation of the Edict of Nantes, in 1685, retired to his native land. He may almost be considered the inventor of painting in enamel, which he carried to a perfection before unknown; his works are extremely scarce and valuable. The Apollo Gallery in the Louvre contains about sixty of the finest, the most interesting of which are: Several portraits of Louis XIV. at different periods, three of Anne of Austria, two of Madame de Maintenon, La Duchesse de La Vallière, Ninon de l'Enclos, Madame de Sévigné, Duchess of Portsmouth, Christina of Sweden, Cardinal Richelieu, Madame de Montespan, Maréchal de Villars. The beautiful portrait of the Countess of Southamptom (1642, after van Dyck), now in the collection of the Duke of Devonshire, is declared to be the finest specimen of enamel painting in existence.—Bellier, ii. 253; Jal, 963; Nagler, xi. 177; Spooner, ii. 684.

PETRARCH, TRIUMPH OF, Louis Boulanger, private gallery. The return of the cortège from the Capitol, Rome, whither the poet had gone at the summons of the senate, in 1341, to receive the laurel crown. His chariot is surrounded by the Muses, and Revery is seated at his feet. Salon, 1836:

PETRI, HEINRICH, born at Göttingen in 1835, died at Düsseldorf, Feb. 15, 1872. History painter, pupil of Düsseldorf Academy; allied himself closely with Deger, and, after a short stay in Munich in 1857, studied in Rome (1858-59), with Overbeck as his model, and returned there in 1868. Works: Descent from the Cross (1862); Madonna (3, 1861-62-63); Mary and John beside the Cross (1864); Entombment (1870); The Virgin as Patron of Poor Children (1871).—Blanckarts, 56; Zeitschr. f. b. K., viii. 97.

PETRONILLA, ST., Guercino, Capitol Gallery, Rome; canvas. The body of St. Petronilla, in her bridal dress, is being lowered into the tomb. Three grave-diggers support the corpse, while a young man and two old men look on. To the right are two women and a person holding a taper, probably Flaccus, her betrothed; above, the Virgin in glory, surrounded by angels, kneeling before Christ, receives the Saint into heaven. A masterpiece in Guercino's second manner. Painted about 1622, by order of Gregory XV., for St. Peter's, Rome, where is a copy in mosaic, considered one of the finest in the church. Engraved by N. Dorigny; J. J. Frey.—Meyer, Künst. Lex., iii. 2; Lavice, 331.

PETTENKOFEN, AUGUST VON, born in Vienna in 1821. Genre painter of great local fame; loves to paint soldier and peasant life of Hungary, where he has travelled much. Member of Vienna Academy in 1866, of Munich Academy in 1867; knighted in 1876; professor in 1880. Works: Russian Bivouac near Igmand (1851); Monks in a Cloister (1853); Hungarian Puszta, do. Farm, do. Market (1854); Horses before