Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings (IA cyclopediaofpain03cham).pdf/345

 *lem Muys, and at the Hague Academy of Aart Schouman; dean of the guild at Rotterdam in 1782-83 and 1792. Works: Interiors (1775, 1776, 1777, 1779, 1791), do. by Candle Light (1783), Landscape with Figures (1790), Rotterdam Museum.

MUZIANO (Mutiano), GIROLAMO, born at Acquafredda in 1530, died in Rome, April 27, 1592. Venetian school; pupil of Girolamo Romanino at Brescia, but went young to Venice to study the works of Titian. When about twenty years old he went to Rome, where his talent won him the friendship of Michelangelo and Taddeo Zucchero, with whom he painted many works. Muziano was superintendent of the decorations in the Vatican under Gregory XIII., and the founder of the Academy of St. Luke, which he endowed at his death. He made drawings, begun by Giulio Romano, of the bas-reliefs on the column of Trajan, afterwards engraved. His works, of which he left a large number, exhibit a grandeur of design approaching that of Michelangelo, whom he closely imitated. His compositions are good, and his colouring rich, after the Venetian manner. Blanc calls him a second-rate Sebastiano del Piombo. He excelled as a designer of mosaics, many of which in St. Peter's, Rome, were executed after his designs. His best pictures are in Roman churches: Resurrection of Lazarus, in S. M. Maggiore; Assumption of the Virgin, S. Paolo; St. Francis receiving the Stigmata, Cappuccini; Conception of the Virgin, S. M. Transpontina; Christ giving the Keys to St. Peter, and St. John preaching in the Desert, S. M. degli Angeli; Circumcision, Gesù; Ascension, Ara Cœli. In the Louvre are the Incredulity of St. Thomas, and Resurrection of Lazarus; at Reims is a St. Mary the Egyptian; in the Bergamo and Bologna Galleries a St. Jerome; in the Naples Museum a St. Francis d'Assisi in Prayer; and in the Schleissheim Gallery are a Christ before the Crucifixion, and a Pietà.—Ch. Blanc, École vénitienne; Vasari, ed. Le Mon., xi. 266; xii. 115; Seguier, 136; Siret, 633; Burckhardt, 739; Lübke, Gesch. ital. Mal.; Zeitschr. f. b. K., x. 207.

MYN, HERMAN VAN DER, born at Amsterdam in 1684, died in London in 1741. Flower painter, pupil of Ernst Steuven; afterwards began to paint portraits and historical subjects, which caused his being called to the court of the Elector-*Palatine; returned to Holland in 1717, then went to Paris, and later on to London, where he obtained enormous prices for life-size portraits, but, living recklessly, was obliged to leave on account of debts in 1736, and on his return to Holland received a pension from the Prince of Orange; hoping to better his circumstances he went again to London in 1741, and died in poverty. Works: Garden Flowers in costly Vase, Old Pinakothek, Munich; Festoon of Flowers, Schleissheim Gallery; Death of Sophonisbe, Turin Gallery.—Immerzeel, ii. 251; Kramm, iv. 1180; Nagler, x. 90.

MYTENS, DANIEL, the elder, born at The Hague about 1590, died after 1658. Dutch school; portrait painter, formed himself after Rubens; entered the guild of The Hague in 1610; went in 1618 to England, where he worked for James I. and Charles I., whose court-painter he became in 1625. On Van Dyck's arrival he wished to retire, but the king and Van Dyck himself persuaded him to remain. Said to have returned to The Hague about 1630. He painted beautiful copies of Raphael's cartoons. His works show great simplicity of manner, lightness of colour, and silvery flesh tones. Works: Charles I. with Henrietta Maria and Child, Buckingham Palace; Earl of Arundel and Family, Duke of Norfolk's Collection, London; Marquis of Hamilton,