Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings (IA cyclopediaofpain03cham).pdf/242

 MASWIENS, JOSEPH, born at Louvain, Sept. 19, 1828. Architecture painter, pupil of Louvain Academy and of Genisson, then in Madrid of Villa-Amil; travelled in Spain (1853-54) and France (1855); paints chiefly interiors of churches and other buildings, of great perspective accuracy and excellent light-effects. Works: Cathedral of Toledo; Great Chapel in do.; Chapel San Isidoro, Madrid; Interior of St. Gomar's at Liern, near Antwerp; Former House of Brewers' Guild at Louvain, Louvain Museum.

MATEJKO, JAN (B. ALOYSIUS), born at Cracow, July 30, 1838. History painter, pupil of Cracow Art School, then of Munich (1858-60) and of Vienna Academy. Came at once into prominence with dramatic scenes from history of his native country. Director of Cracow Art School since 1873; member of Berlin and Paris Academies. Medals: Paris, 1865; 1st class, 1867; of honour, 1878; L. of Honour, 1870; Order of Francis Joseph. Works: Simon Starowolski and Charles Gustavus of Sweden at Monument of King Lokietek (1857), Cracow Art Union; King Sigismund I. conferring Privilege of Nobility on Professors of Cracow University (1858), Jagellonic Library, Cracow; Poisoning of Queen Bona (1859); Murder of Wapowski (1860); King John Casimir in Bielany (1861); John Kochanowski beside the Body of his Daughter Ursula (1862); Court Jester Stanczyk (1863); Jesuit Skarga preaching before Diet of Cracow in 1592 (1862-64); Veit Stoss (1863-65); Diet of Warsaw in 1773 (1864), Vienna Museum; Alchymist Sendziwoi before Sigismund III.; Vladislav the Wise called to Throne of Poland; Union of Lublin in 1569 (1870); Stephen Báthory in the Camp of Wielki Luki (1872); Johann Wilczek during Defence of Benedictine Monastery; King Sobieski's Prayer before Battle; Matthias Borkowicz thrown into a Dungeon; Consecration of King Sigismund's Bell (1875); Murder of King Przemysl; Ivan the Cruel in the Place of Execution at Moscow; Battle of Tannenberg in 1410, Defeat at Varna (1879); Prussia doing Homage to Poland (1882); Sobieski before Vienna (1883); Cossack Wernyhora's Prophecy of Poland's Future (1884); Surrender of Archduke Maximilian to Chancellor Jan Samojski (1884); The Republic of Babin (1885); Entry of Maid of Orléans into Reims (1886), Reims Museum.—Illustr. Zeitg. (1870), ii. 11; (1885), i. 256; Du Camp, Beaux Arts, 158, 306; Graph. K., ii. 42; Kunst-Chronik, ii 121; v. 22, 150; vii. 356; xiv. 340; xvii. 498; xviii. 109, 759; xix. 711; Müller, 357; Gaz. des B. Arts (1863), xviii. 506; xxiii. 141; La Ilustracion (1884), i. 3, 20; Rev. des Deux Mondes, June, 1874; Land und Meer (1872), ii. No. 50; Wurzbach, xvi. 99; Zeitschr. f. b. K., xx. 118.

MATER DOLOROSA, Guercino, Palazzo Borghese, Rome. Draped to the chin and the head covered with a mantle. Face expressive of calm but deep grief.—Lavice, 350.

By Murillo, Madrid Museum; canvas, H. 1 ft. 9 in. × 1 ft. 4 in. Bust, without hands; head turned to right, inclined forward; red dress, with white scarf over head and around neck; over scarf, a black mantle. Companion to Ecce Homo, Madrid Museum. From Isabel Farnese Collection. Repetition: Duke de Villahermosa, Madrid.—Curtis, 146.

By Titian, Madrid Museum; slate, H. 2 ft. 3 in. × 1 ft. 9 in. Bust, of life-size; the Virgin, in a violet tunic and blue mantle, the latter partly covering the head, on which is a white cap, and with upraised hands, laments the sufferings of the Son. Companion piece to Ecce Homo of Titian, also in Madrid Museum. Painted in 1554 for Mary of Hungary, by whom carried to Spain.—C. & C., Titian, ii. 233.

MATHEY, PAUL, born in Paris; contemporary. History, portrait, and landscape