Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings (IA cyclopediaofpain02cham).pdf/385

 who had built a hospital on the banks of a dangerous river, in expiation of his involuntary crime of slaying his parents, gives hospitality to a leper, who is landed from a boat; in background, his wife, at the door of the hospital, gives bread to the poor. Scarcely had Julian put the stranger into his own bed when the sick man became radiant with light, and, informing his benefactor that his crime was forgiven, disappeared. Acquired by Ferdinand II. in 1653; carried to Paris in 1799; returned in 1815. Engraved by L. Martelli Faentino; F. Gregori; G. R. Le Villain; G. B. Gatti.—Gal. du Pal. Pitti, iv. Pl. 5; Landon, Musée, xiii. Pl. 7; Etruria Pittrice, ii. 72; Wicar, 4.

JULIEN DE PARME. See Julien, Simon.

JULIEN, SIMON, born at Toulon, Oct. 28, 1735, died in Paris, Feb. 23, 1800. Genre painter, pupil of Dandré-Bardon, Carle Van Loo, and Natoire. When he joined Natoire's school the pupils of the other masters called him Julien the Apostate. He afterwards styled himself Julien de Parme, after his patron the Duke of Parma. His best works are: Jupiter sleeping in Juno's Arms, Aurora leaving Tithonus, St. Anthony in Ecstasy, Triumph of Aurelian (1783), and Portrait of Himself (1789), Toulon Museum.—Bellier, i. 849; Gaz. des B. Arts (1866), xxi. 397; Larousse.

JULIUS II., POPE, portrait, Raphael, Palazzo Pitti, Florence; wood, H. 3 ft. 3 in. × 2 ft. 8 in. Nearly full face, with full white beard and moustaches, seated in an arm-chair, with a handkerchief in his right hand. Julius II. (1503-13), previously Cardinal della Rovere, began present Church of St. Peter, Rome. Painted in Rome about 1511 or 1512, formerly in S. M. del Popolo, Rome; carried to Paris in 1799; returned in 1815. Replica in National Gallery, London, purchased in 1824 with Angerstein Collection; another in the Uffizi, which came with Victoria della Rovere, when she married Ferdinand II. de' Medici. Passavant thinks the Pitti picture the original, but now many connoisseurs pronounce in favour of the one in the Uffizi. Cartoon in Palazzo Corsini, Florence. Engraved by Daverio; G. Ghisi.—Vasari, ed. Mil., iv. 338; Müntz, 386; Passavant, ii. 93; Gal. du Pal. Pitti, i. Pl. 91; Filhol, i. Pl. 65; Springer, 191.

JUNCKER, JUSTUS, born at Mentz in 1703, died at Frankfort in 1767. German school; still-life, portrait, genre, and landscape painter, pupil at Frankfort of Hugo Schlegel; subsequently formed himself after Thomas Wyck, De Heem, and Van Huysum; worked some time in London, and settled at Frankfort in 1726. Works: Breakfast (2), Carlsruhe Gallery; Scholar in his Study, Artist at his Easel, Old Man Reading, Kitchen-pieces (3), Cassel Gallery; Fruit-*pieces (3), Darmstadt Museum; Scholar in his Study (1754), Städel Gallery, Frankfort; Calm Sea with Vessels and many Figures, Stuttgart Gallery.

JUNDT, GUSTAVE, born at Strasburg, June 21, 1830, died May 14, 1884. Genre painter and caricaturist, pupil of Guérin, Drolling, and Biennourry. A clever and faithful delineator of Alsatian peasant life. First exhibited in Salon of 1856. Medals: 1868; 3d class, 1873; L. of Honour, 1880. Works: Village Festival (1856); Near a Fountain; Alpine Strawberries; Mayflowers; Marguerites; Church-Time (1868); Rainy Weather in the Swiss Oberland, St. Anne's Money, Returning from the Pilgrimage (1874); Cutting Hair at a Fair in Auvergne (1876); Sunday Morning; Time for the Wedding; Billets of Wood, Philosopher's Walk at Monaco (1879); Returning from the Wedding, The Gleaner (1880); Returning, Nice surprised by Snow (1881); Aurora, Twilight (1882); The First Rays, In the Woods (1883).—Ménard, L'Art en Alsace-Lorraine; Meyer, Conv. Lex., xviii. 531; Kunst-Chronik, xix. 551.

JUNGHEIM, KARL, born at Düsseldorf, Feb. 6, 1830, died there, June 6, 1886. Landscape painter, pupil of Schirmer and Schadow; travelled in the Tyrolese and