Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings (IA cyclopediaofpain02cham).pdf/26

 canvas. Christ, with face inclined and arms folded, sorrowing. Painted before 1500.—C. & C., Titian, i. 58.

Ecce Homo, Titian, Vienna Museum.

By Titian, Vienna Museum; canvas, H. 12 ft. × 8 ft.; signed and dated 1543. Christ presented to the people from the top of a flight of steps leading from the palace into the square below; the gaoler below looks on while Pilate (portrait of Aretino) points to the Captive; the turbaned Turk in the crowd below is Sultan Soliman, and the knight is said by tradition to be Charles V., but the features are those of Alfonso d'Este. Painted in Venice for Giovanni d'Anna, who placed it in his palace, now the Palazzo Martinengo; sold in 1620 to Sir Henry Wotton, English envoy at Venice, for Duke of Buckingham, who a few years afterward refused £7,000 for it; sold by his son for about £700 to Canon Hillewerve of Antwerp, who sold it to the Archduke Leopold, for his brother, the Emperor Ferdinand III.; removed from Prague to Vienna in 1688 by Emperor Charles VI. Copy in sacristy of S. Gaetano, Padua, dated 1574.—Vasari, ed. Mil., vii. 429; C. & C., Titian, ii. 92.

Subject treated also by Hans Holbein, elder, Donauschingen Gallery; Lodovico Carracci, Pal. Doria, Rome; Bartolommeo Montagna, Louvre; Fra Bartolommeo, Pal. Pitti, Florence; Lodovico Cardi da Cigoli, ib.; Mabuse, Antwerp Museum.

ECHENA, JOSÉ, born in Spain, contemporary. Paints chiefly oriental subjects. His picture, The Arrival at Calvary, painted for the high altar of the Cathedral, Madrid, was exhibited in London in 1884. Another work, Snake Charmers, was painted in 1882.

ECHTER, MICHAEL, born in Munich, March 5, 1812, died there, Feb. 4, 1879. History painter, pupil of Munich Academy under Heinrich Hess, Clemens Zimmermann, and Julius Schnorr, then of Olivier; assisted Schnorr in the decoration of the Royal Palace in Munich, and in 1846 Kaulbach, by whom he was much influenced, in that of the Berlin Museum. After his return to Munich, he became member of the Academy