Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings (IA cyclopediaofpain02cham).pdf/124

 Interior of Hall in Palazzo Ducale, S. Lazzaro in Venice, New Pinakothek, Munich; Convent S. Martino in Piedmont (1857), National Gallery, Berlin; Devotees before Shrine on Spanish Coast (1837), Kunsthalle, Hamburg.—Brockhaus, vii. 453; Faber, iv. 246; Müller, 190.

GAILLOT, BERNARD, born at Versailles, Feb. 17, 1780, died in Paris, June 17, 1847. History painter, pupil of David. Medal, 2d class, 1817. Works: Cornelia, Mother of the Gracchi (1817); Conversion of St. Augustine (1819), Vision of St. Monica (1822), Préfecture de la Seine, Paris; St. Louis with the Crown of Thorns (1824), Sens Cathedral; others in Versailles Museum.

GAINSBOROUGH, THOMAS, born at Sudbury, Suffolk, baptised May 14, 1727, died in London, Aug. 2, 1788, British school; went to London in 1741, and became a pupil of Gravelot, the French engraver; then of Francis Hayman, with whom he studied drawing. After an unsuccessful struggle as a portrait and landscape painter in London, he returned home in 1744 or 1745, and in 1760 settled in Bath, where he devoted himself chiefly to portraiture; in 1774 he went again to London, and won such a reputation that he was considered the rival of Reynolds in portrait, and of Wilson in landscape, painting. In 1766 he became a member of the Society of Artists, and he was one of the foundation members (1768) of the Royal Academy. Sir Joshua Reynolds observes of him: "Whether he most excelled in portraits, landscapes, or fancy pictures, it is difficult to determine," and Ruskin calls him "the purest colourist of the English school." His pictures command high prices. Works: Market Cart, Watering Place (2), Musidora, Rustic Children, The Brook, and portraits of Mrs. Siddons, Ralph Schomberg, Edward Orpin the Parish Clerk, Sir Henry Bate Dudley, Bart., National Gallery, London; Lord Amherst, G. Coleman, Marquis Cornwallis, National Portrait Gallery; Blue Boy (1779), Cottage Door, Peasant's Family, Fisherman's Family, Grosvenor House; Mrs. Sheridan and Mrs. Tickell, Mr. Linley and his Grandsons Samuel and Thomas, J. P. Loutherbourg, R.A., Mrs. Moody and her Children, Dulwich Gallery; Hon. Mrs. Graham, National Gallery, Edinburgh; Miss Haverfield, Portrait of a Lady, Hertford House; portrait of himself, Royal Academy; Daughters of George III., sketch for Blue Boy, South Kensington Museum; portrait of his wife, W. Sharpe; portrait of himself, of Lady Mary Bowlby, and Gainsborough Dupont, George Richmond, R.A.; Cows in Meadow, Bridgewater House; Young Girl, Stafford House; Family of Country People, Wynn Ellis Collection; Landscape, Baring Collection; Johann Christian Fischer the composer, Col. St. Leger, and others, Hampton Court; Miss McGill, Cobham Hall; two portraits, Arundel Castle; Landscape, Petworth; Duke of Argyll (1779); Harvest Wagon, Lord Tweedmouth; John Duke of Bedford, Blenheim; Cattle in Landscape, Bowood; Peasants going to Market, Stourhead House; Duke and Duchess of Montague, Duckwith Palace; Landscapes with Cattle (2), Belvoir Castle; Lady Chatham, Orwell Park; Duchess of Devonshire (1775), Earl Spencer, Althorp; Landscape, Historical Society, New York. Other of the 220 portraits by him, are: George III. (8), Pitt (7), Garrick (5), Lord Chancellor Camden, Sir William Blackstone, Johnson, Sterne, Richardson, Clive, Burke, Sheridan, Windham, Franklin, Canning, Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, Lady Vernon, Lady Maynard, and the Bishops of Worcester and Ferns. A collection of 216 of Gainsborough's works were exhibited at the Grosvenor Gallery, London, in 1885.—Pratt, Life (London, 1788); Thicknesse, Life (London, 1788); Fulcher, Life (London,