Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 2.djvu/854

 T E R

Others will have it Money paid for digging or breaking the Earth in Fairs and Markets.

guieti jint ie Theohnio, Pavagio, Paffagio, Laftcgw, Tallegio, Carvagio, Prifagio ££? Terragio,

TERRAQUEOUS, an Epithet given to our Globe or Earth, confider'd as confifting i of Land and Water ; which, together, conflitute one globular Mafs. See Globe and Earth.

The Word, like the Thing, is a Compound of Terra and Aqua, Earth and Water.

Some Philofophers, particularly Dr. Jlzirnet in his Theory, tax the Frame and Falhion of the Terraqueous Glebe as rude, unattful and diforderly; and conclude it highly abfurd tofup- pofe it came thus out of the Hands of the Creator, and there- tore have Recourfe to a Deluge to make it thus. See De- luge.

But others can perceive a woirld of Art and Coriveniency, even in this apparent Diforder : Mr. Herham particularly ob- ferves, That the Diftribution of Land and Water is admi- rable ; the one being laid over the other fo skilfully all the World over, that there is a juft Equipoife or Ballance of the whole Globe.

Thus the Northern Ocean balances the Southern; and the American Continent, is a Counterpoife to the European, Aflicdn and Ajiatic. See Ocean, £jfc.

And what fome object, that the Waters occupy too great a Part of the Globe, which they imagine would be of more Ufe were it dry Land ; he obviates,' by fhewing that this would deprive the World of a due Quantity of Vapours and Rain : For if the Cavities which contain the Sea, and other Waters, were deeper; tho' the Quantity of Water were the fame, and only the Surface leflcr and narrower, the Evaporations would be fo much the left, inafmuch as they are made from the Surfaces, and, confequently, are in proportion thereto. See Vapour, Cloud, Rain, &c. See alfo Mountain, Valley, ££fc.

TERR^-B/ffli, q. d. Son of the Earth. A Student in the Univerfity of Oxford, appointed on certaih Occasions to makejefling and Satyrical Speeches aeainft the Members thereof; to tax them with any growing Corruptions, i£c.

TEKKE-Plain, in Fortification, the Top, Plat-form, or Horizontal Surface of the Rampart, whereon the Cannon are placed, and the Defenders perform their Office. See Rampart.

It is thus call'd, as lying level ; having only a little Slope dufwardly, to bear the Recoil of the Cannon. . It is terminated by the Parapet on that Side towards the Campaign ; and by the inner Talus, on the Side towards the Place. Its Breadrh is from 24 to 30 Feet. See Parapet, ($c. TEKRE-Teaant, is he who hath the actual Poffeffion of the Land, otherwife call'd the Occupation. See Tenant and Occupation.

Thus a Lord of a Manor hath a Freeholder, who letteth out his Freehold to another to be occupied : And this Occu- pier, having the a£lual Pofleilion, is called the Terre-Ten&nt. TERRELLA, piitfpyn, little Earth ; is a Magnet, turn'd of a juft fpherical Figure, and placed fo as that its Poles, Equator, £Jc. do exactly correfpond to thofc of the World. See Magnet.

'Twas thus firft call'd by Gilbert, as being a juft Reprefen- tation of the great magnetic Globe wc inhabit. See Globe.

Such a Tcrrella, if nicely pois'd, and placed in a Meridian like a Globe, it was fuppofed, would be turn'd round like rhe Earth in 24 Hours by the Magnetic Particles pervading it; but Experience has fhewn this to be a Miftake. See Mag- netism.

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T E S

TERRESTRIAL Globe 7 Tek r estr i al Paradife \ See Terrestrial Line j

'Globe. [Paradise. .Line Terrejlrial.

TERRIER, or Terrar, in our ancient Cuftoms, a Collection of Acknowledgments of Vaffals or Tenants of a Lordfhip, containing the Rents, Services, &c. they owe their Lord ; and ferving as a Title, or Claim for demanding and executing the Payments thereof.

At prefent, by Terrier we mean no more than a Book, or Roll, wherein the feveral Lands, either of a private Perfon, or of a Town, College, Church, S?c. are defcrib'd. It itiould contain the Number of Acres, the Scite, Boundaries, Tenants Names, &c.

Terrier is alio the Lodge or Hole which Foxes, Badgers, Rabbets, &c. dig themfelves under Ground ; and wherein they fave themfelves from the Purfuit of the Hunters.

Hence Terrier is alio ufed for a kind of little Hound to hunt thofe Animals, which, like a Ferret, creeps into the Ground, and by that Means affrights and bites them ; either tearing them with his Teeth, or elfe haling them by Force our of their Holes.

TERR1S Soitis gj Catallis rehabendis fofl pttrgationem, a Writ which lies for a Clerk to recover his Lands, Goods or Chattels formerly feiz'd ; after having clear'd himfelf of a

Felony upon Suspicion whereof he was convict, and deliver'd to his Ordinary to be purged.

Terris£5 Catallu tentis ultra dehimm levatum ; a Writ Judicial, for the rcftoring Lands or Goods to a Debtor, that is diftraincd beyond the Quantity of the Debt. SeeDiSTRESs. Terris Liberandis, a Writ lying for a Man convifted by Attaint, to bring the Record and'Procefs before the King, and take a Fine tor his Imprifonment, and deliver him Lands and Tenements again, and releafe him of a Strip and Wafte. . TERRITORY, TiJlriB, the Extent or Compafs of Land within the Bounds, or belonging to the Jurifdiflion, of any State, City or other Divilion.

'Tisa Maxim, that the Church has no Territory, i. e, it has no Temporal JurifdiSion ; fo that an Ecclefiaftical Judge cannot arreft any Body, not even a Priett.

Much in this Scnfe, Clljas fays, the Church has an Audi- tory, bur no Territory.

TERSION, the Act of wiping or rubbing a Thing. See Attrition.

The Word comes of tero, I wear.

TERTIAN, a Fever or Ague intermitting but one Day ; fo that there are two Fits in three Days. See Fever.

The Method of curing Tertians, as well as other Agues, is by the Cortex, either given in Subftance or Decoction. This laft is beft in weak Conftitutions, and where the Fits are not fo regular ; but the Subftance more to be depended on as to Certainty in other Cafes. See Ague, ZS>c.

TERTIATE, in Gunnery : To Tertiate agreat Gun, is to find the Thicknels of the Metal at the Touch-hole, the Trunnions, and at the Muzzle ; whereby to judge of the Strength of the Piece, and whether it be well fortified or not. See Gun, Cannon, Ordnance, $$c.

This is ufually done with a Pair of Calliper Compafles ; and if the Piece be Home-bored, the Diameter lefs by the Height, divided by 2, is the Thickhefs at any Place. See Calliper.

TERUNCIUS, in Antiquity, a very fmall Silver Coin, in ufe among the Romans. See Coin.

The Inconvenience of fuch very fmall Pieces being foon found, the Teninc'ms became difufed ; but its Name was ftill retain'd in reckoning ; and thus it became a Money of Ac- count. See Money.

The Teruntiv.s at firft, was a Quarter of the As, or Libra 1 Hence, as the As contained 12 Ounces, the Temncius con- tained Three; whence the Name, which is fotm'd of the Latin, tresuncia.

The Temncius was alfo a Quarter of the Denarius ; fo that when the Denarius was at ten As's, the Teruxcius was worth Two and a Half, and when the Denarius was rifen to 16 the Teruncins was worth Four. See Denarius.

TESSELATED Pavement, Tavementum Teffelatum, a rich Pavement of Mofaick Work, made of curious - fmall fquare Marbles, Bricks or Tyles, call'd TeJJiU, from the Form of Dies. See Mosaic ffibrh

Thefe 'Pavements were much ufed in the Tents of the Roman Generals.

TESSERA-Coste, in bur ancient Writers, the 40 Days between Eafier and Holy Thursday. See Lent.

TEST, or Tefl Oath, in our Cuftoms, a Form of Oath, whereby the Doctrine of Tranfubftanriation, the Sacrifice of the Mafs, the Invocation of Saints, &c. are abjured. See Oath.

This Oath was firft introduced by Authority of Parliament in 1672; and they who refufed to take it, were excluded the Privilege of holding any public Offices.

The Word fignifies Proof or Trial, being form'd of the Latin, Testis, Witnefs ; this Oath being a Mark or Evidence, that the Perfon is not a Roman Catholic.

Test, among Chymifts and Refiners, the fame as the Coupel^ Cvppel or Coppel, an Inftrument ufed in the purifying Gold and Silver. See Coupel.

TESTACEOUS, in natural Hiftory, an Epithet given to a Species of Fiili, which are covered with a ftrong, thick Shell; asTortoifes, Oyfters, Pearl Fifh, r$c. See Fish.

In Sttictnefs, however, Teftaceous is only applied to fuch Fifh, whofe ftrong and thick Shells are intire and of a Piece : Thofe which are fofr, thin, and confift of feveral Pieces jointed, as the Lobfter, Sfc. being called Critflaceous. See Shell.

In Medicine, all Preparations of Shells, and Subftanccs of the like Kind, are called Tefiaceous Powders.

Such are Powders of Crabs Claws and Eyes, Harts-horn, Pearl, (gc.

Dr. ghiincy, and others, fuppofe the Virtue of all Tefia- ce»j« Medicines to be alike; that they feldom or never enter the Lacteals ; but that the chief of their Action is in the firft Paftages ; in which Cafe, they are of great Ufe in ab- forbing Acidities. See Absorbent.

Hence they become of Ufe in Fevers, and efpecially in rectifying the many Diftempers in Children, which generally owe their Origin to fuch Acidities. See Tlijeafesof Chil- dren,

[ D d d ] TESTAMENT,