Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 2.djvu/810

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vice being an Angel over-throwing a Dragon : The Dragon being at that Time the Device of the King of England.

Tnoie of the Prince of Monaco, are Auguttm Monks: Thoie of the Family of the Urjini\ Bears, in Atlufion to their Names,

In England^ none below the Degree of a Banneret are al- low'd Supporters.

Some make a Difference between "Tenant and Supporter : When die Shield is bore by a tingle Animal, 'tis call'd Te- nant ; when by two, they are call'd Supporters. SccTenant, SUPPOSITION, in Mafic, the ufing of two lucceffive Notes, of the fame Value, as to Time ; the one whereof being a Difcord, fuppofes the other a Concord. See Har- mony.

The Harmony, Mr. Malcolm obferves, is always to be full on the accented Parts of the Bar, or Mealure, but on the unaccented, Dilcords may tranficntly pals, without any Of- fence to the Ear. This transient Uie of Difcords, follow'd by Concords, makes what we from the French call Supposi- tion. See Concori> and Discord.

There are feveral Kinds of Suppojition : The firft is, when the Parts proceed gradually from Concord to Difcord ; and Difcord to Concord; the intervening Dilcord lerving only as a Traniition to the following Concord,

Another Kind is, when ti;e Parts do not proceed gradually from the Dilcord to the Concord, but defcend to it by the Diflance of a Third,

A third Kind, like the fecond, is, when the riiing to the Difcord is gradual, but the defending from it to the following Concord, is by the Diltance of a fourth.

A fourth Kind, very different from all the reft, is, when the Difcord falls on the accented Parts of the Meafure, and the Rifing to it is by the Diftance of a fourth. In which Cafe 'tis absolutely neceffary to follow it immediately, by a gradual Defcent into a Concord, that has jufl been heard be- fore the Harmony; to make the preceding Difcord pais with- out Offence, and only feem a Transition into the Concord.

Supposition, in Arithmetick. See Position.

SUPPOSITORY, in Pharmacy, a folid Medicine thmft up the Fundament, in lieu of a Liquid one, or Clylter, where that would not be fo convenient. See Clyster.

'Tis compos'd of common Honey, mix'd up with either Soap, or Oil, and form'd into Pieces of the Length and Thicknefs of the little Finger, only Pyramidal.

The Suppofltory was invented for the Convenience of fuch as have an Averfion to the taking of Ctyfters ; or to be ufed where the Difeafe docs not allow thereof.

The Latins call it 'Jlalanus^ becaufe anciently made in Fi- gure of an Acorn.

To the Compofition is fometimes added Powder of Scam- mony, Euphorbium, Colocvnthis, \$c.

On fome Occafiona 'tis made fimply of a Cut of Bacon, the Stem of a Leek, or the like Matter, thru it, like a Tent, up the Anus, to irritate the Sphincter Mufcle, and oblige it to extrude the Excrements.

SUPPRESSION, in the Cufloms, the Extinction or An- nihilation of an Office, Right, Rent, ££r.

From the Latin fub Aiidpremo, I prefs under.

Sup press ion, in Grammar, an Omiffion of certain Words in a Sentence, which yet are neceflary to a full and perfect. Con- struction : As, I come from my Father's ; that is, from my Father's Houfe.

Sitppreffm is a Figure of Speech very frequent in our Lan- guage ; chiefly ufed for Brevity and Elegance. Some Rules relating hereto, are as follow :

i°. Whenever a Word comes to be repeated in a Sentence oftner than once, 'tis to be fupprefs'd : Thus we fay, This is my Mailer's Horfe; not, This Horfe is my Matter's Horfe.

2°. Words that areneceffarily imnly'd, may he fupprefs'd.

And 3°. All Words that Ufeand Cuttom fupprefs in other Languages, are to be fupprefs'd in Englift ; unlets there be particular Rcafons for the contrary.

Suppression, in Medicine, is apply'd to the Humours that are rctain'd in the Body by fome Obttruclion or Stop- page of the ufual Out-lets. As, a Suppreffion of Urine, of the Menfes, ES>C. See Urine, Menses, 1§c.

SUPPURATION, in Medicine, the Mion whereby ex- rravafated Blood, or other Humours, are chang'd, in the Body, into (Pus. See Pus.

. The Change is begun by a DiiTipation of the molt fubtle and fpirituous Parts of the Blood : What is left behind, thickens and purifies by little and little ; that is, its Salts and Sulphurs difengagc thcmftlves from the grofler Parts wherein .they were embarrafs'd. Thefe Parts thus difengaged, and acting on one another, bruife and break each other, and thus excite a Fermentation, which increafes the Heat of the Part ; whereby the Matter is further digefted, and a Pain and Ten- iion produe'd. At length the Blood lofes its Colour, and be- comes quite white, by the Mixture of its Acid, fulphurous and acrimonious Particles ; as we fee happens to fulphurous Alcalies, when mix'd with Acids. See Digestion.

The Word is form'd from the Latw t fub, under, and Has parts. ' * »

SUPPURATIVE, a Medicine that promotes Suppuration See SurpuRATioN.

Suppurative* are i\\l hot; by which Means, increafine the Heat of the Part, they rcfolve the Humour into a c Pus. Sec Digestive.

Such are Mallows, Lilly-Roots, Drachylon, ££fr.

SUPPUTATION. See Computation.

SUPRALAPSARY, in Theology, a Perfon who holds that God, without any Regard to the good or evil Works of Men, has refolv'd, by an eternal Decree, to fave fome, and damn others.

Such are alfo call'd Antelopfaries ; and are oppos'd to $ub- lap'faries and Iufralapjaries. See Sublapsaries.

According to the Supra/apfaries, the Object of Predeftina- tion is Homo creabilis ci? labilis ; and according to the Sub- lapfaries, Homo creams & lapfus.

The Supralapfaries feem, in one fingle abfolute Decree, to confound two feveral ones which ought to be diitinguifh'd; The one, the Conditional Decree preceding the Fore-fight of the Man's Obedience, or Difobedience to the Grace of'God • The other, the Abfolute Decree following this Fore-fight! See Decree.

The Predeterminants alfo, admit an Abfolute Decree prior to the Forefight of Original Sin, in common with the Supra- lapfaries ; but diftinguifh themfelves from them, as alfo from the Jnfralap fanes and Janfenifs ; in that their Abfo- lute Decree includes the offering of furKcient Means of Salva- tion to the Reprobate • fo that, as to the Point of Power nothing hinders but they might be fav'd, See Grace.

SUPRASP1NATUS, in Anatomy, a Mufcle thus call'd from its ftefhy Origination, at the upper End of the Bafis of the Scapula, above the Spine, to the upper Part whereof it is connected, as alfo to the fuperior Rib of the Scapula ; whence marching along the upper Interfcapulum, or thin Part of the Scapula, which it fills, it pafles under the Acromium and Articulation of the Humerus. It helps to lift the Arm upwards.

SUPREMACY, in the Etiglifu Cuftoms, the Superiority of the King over the Church of England^ whereof he is effo- blifh'd Head. See Kinc.

The King's Supremacy was firlt eflabliih'd by King Henry VIII. in 1534, after breaking with the Pope. It is fince confirm'd by feveral Canons, as well as by the Articles of the Church of England ; and is pafs'd into an Oath, which is requir'd as a neceflary Qualification for all Offices and Em- ployments both in Church and State; from Perfons to be or- dain'd, from the Members of both Houfes of Parliament,^. See Oath.

This Right of Supremacy chiefly confifls in the following Articles, 1. That the Archbifhops of either Province cannot fummon the Bifhop and Clergy to Convocation, nor enact, any Canons without the King's ex prefs Content, by 2$ H. 8. c. 19. Whereas before that Acl, the Convocation was often call'd, and Laws made by it for governing the Church, with- out any Authority from the Crown. 2. In that there lies now an Appeal from the Archbifhop to the King in Chan- cery ; and on fuch an Appeal, a Commiffion under the Great Seal is to be directed to certain Perfons, whereof commonly halt arc Laymen, and half Clergymen, which is call'd the' Court of Delegates, and which finally determine all Ecclefi- aftical Caufes, by 25 H. 8. c. 19. tho' fometimes a Review is granted. Before this Statute, the Appeal from the Arch- bifhops Court lay to the People only. 3. The King can grant Commiffions for vifitine fuch Places, as are exempt from the Jurifdiction of the Biftiops. or Archbifhops; and Appeal lies from thence to the King in Chancery : Whereas before 25 H. 8. the Pope only could vifit them, and receive Appeals from thofe Courts. 4, Perfons in holy Orders, are not, as formerly, exempt from the King's Temporal Laws, any more than Laymen. 5, The Bifhops and Clergy do not fwcar, or pay any Obedience to the Pope 5 but mutt take the Oaths of Allegiance and Supremacy to the King.

SURA, in Anatomy, the Shin-Bone; the fame as Fibula. See Fip.ula.

SURBATING, among Farriers, is when the Sole of a Horfe's Foot is wore, bruis'd, or fpoil'd, by beating the Hoof againfl the Ground in travelling without Shoes, or going in hot, fandy Lands, or with a Shoe that hurts the Sole, lies too fiat to it, \§c.

Sometimes, it happens by over-riding a Horfe, while young, e'er his Feet are harden'd ; and fometimes by the Hardnefs of the Ground, and high lifting his Feet.

The Signs hereof, are his halting on both Fore-legs, and going Itiffly, and creeping as if half founder'd.

In the general, there is nothing better for Surhated Feet than Tar melted into the Foot; or Vinegar boil'd with Soot to the Confidence of a Broth, and put into the Foot boiling hot, with Flards over it, and Splints to keep it in.

SURCHARGE,