Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 2.djvu/666

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and better Method. The Mineral Globules, he thinks, being intimately combined with Salts, in the Preparations given inwardly, will, by the Irritation thereof, be eafily and fully thrown off by the Secretory Organs, 'till the Blood is quite diicharged of its Load: Whereas, in Mercurial > riclions, 'tis poffible, ibme of the heavy Par- ticles may be left lodged in the Interfaces of the fibres, or Cells of the Bones. Add to this, that by computing the Proportion of Mercury in all the Doles neceflary to promote a Spitting, internally ; and the Weight of the lame Mineral ufed when 'tis done by Unftion ; the Quantity uied in the latter Cafe, far exceeds that in the former ; confecjuently, the ill Effects apptehended from that dangerous Medicine, muft be vaftly more fenfible in the one Cafe than the other. The external Application, therefore, is only to be allowed of, where either the Cafe will bear the Violence of fuch a Management, or out- ward Ulcers and Tumours, require a particular Cure by Linemen ts.

Indeed, a great French Phyfician, M. Chkoyneatt, Chancellor of the Univerfity of Mcntfellier, has lately done Ibme Diicredit to the Practice of Salivating in any Manner $ And' that, in a little Treadle lately published, where he endeavours to prove, That the Salivation it (elf contributes nothing to the Cure, but is rather prejudicial thereto : That the Salutary Effects of the Mercury are independanr of any Evacuation at all ; and thai: it afts purely as a Specific. 'Tis without Reafon, therefore, he urges, that Venereal Patients are put to the Torture of a Salivation, fince the full Effect of the Medicine is had without carrying Matters to that Extremity. The Salivation is only an Accident to the Cure ; which is effectually obtained by a Mercurial Unguent rubbed on the Joints in fiich Quantities, and at fuch intervals, as not to raife any Salivation, He iiipports the whole by the Experience of Forty or Fifty Cures wrought in one Year, by the New Method. This Method, it leems, has been lately, too, tried in England, and with Succeis; as appears from a Tranflation of Chkoymau\ Piece juit published with Notes.

SALLET, or Salade, a Difh of eatable Herbs ordina- rily accompanying Roait-mear, compofed chiefly of crude, frefh Herbs, fealbned with Salt, Oil, and Vinegar. Some add Muftard, hard Eggs, and Sugar ; others, Pepper, and other Spices, with Grange-Peel, Saffron, &c. Some define Sallet more generally, A Compofitionot Plants and Roots, of ieveral Kinds, to be eaten raw or green blanch- ed or candied, by themselves, or mixed with others 3 and even, occasionally, boiled, pickled, or otherwile prepared and difguiled, to render them more grateful to the Pa- late. But this Definition includes ^Pot-herbs, &c. which the Generality of Authors deny to be any proper Salleting, though others ftiffly maintain it. Menage derives the Word from the Latin, Salate, of Sal, Salt; others from Salcedo- DuCangfe from Salgama; which is ufed inAnfo- vius, and Columella in the lame Senfe.

Compofition of Sallets.

The principal Sallet-herbs, and thofe which ordinarily make the Bafis of our Englift Sailers, are Lettice, Sellery, Endive, Crelles, Radifh, and Rape, l$c. Along with which, by way of Furniture, or Additionals, are ufed Purflane, Spinage, Sorrel, Taragon, Burner, Corn-Sailer, and Chervil. The different Talles of Mankind will not allow any certain Mixture of thefe to be prefcribed as moil agreeable; but Hill, in mixing them, theReliih of the ieve- ral Herbs is to be confider'd: Thole, forlnftance, which are mod hot and biting ; as Crefles, Milliard, Sellery, Taragon, Chervil, l£c with thole that are more cool and infipid to theTafle ; as Turnips, Rape, Spinage, Lettice, Corn-Sallet, Purflane, &c, by this Means the Herbs may be ib judi- cioufly mixed, that the too (trong Talle of one Kind may not over power all the reft ; and the infipid Kinds be di- icretely ufed to moderate and qualify the Heat and Pun- gency of the others, as the Seafbn of the Year is more hot or cold ; ib as every Sallet may not only be agreeable to the Tafte, but alfo Phyfic to the Body.

Culture of Sallets.

The Gardeners call Small herbs, in Sailers, thofe which ihould always be cut while in the Seed Leaf; as Creffes, Muflarrl, Radift, Turnip, Spinage, and Lettice; all which are raifed from Seeds fown in Drills or Lines, ftom M.\<\- February to the End of March, under Glaffes 0r Frames, and thence to the Middle of May, upon natural Beds, warmly expofed ; and during the Summer Heats in more fhady Places ; and afterwards, in Seftem- «r, &c. as in March, &c. and lafily, in the Rigour of the Winter, in hot Beds. If they chance to be frozen in very frofty Weather, putting them in Spring- Water two

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Hours e er they be ufed, recovers them. In gathering Small-herbs, the bed Ways to pull them up by the Root, from the hot Beds If the Roots be left, and a lecond Crop of Salletlng fown on the fame Bed, it will not

&& A pWtfi"** Cr °P s . '*» alio to be obferved, that Seeds of the lame Kind be not fown in the fame Place ; but the Ground is to be ealed by varying its Bur- then, purting hot Seeds where cold ones grew before t$i Another Rule is, that no Plant be placed in the fame Spot

where the lame Kinds have been growing, Wmter-

Sallets ate greatly improved by blanch'd Sellery, which is a hot Herb, ot a very rich Flavour ; railed from Seed town m March, and April, in a well expofed Place, and tranlplanted, fix Weeks af.er its firil Appearance, into Beds, where it remains till the Middle of June, and then planted in Trenches 8 or to Inches wide, and as many deep firft pruning off the Tops and Roots. As they grow large, they are earthed up within 4 or 5 Inches ot the Top which 15 repeated Ieveral times, till they

be fit for Ufe. Endive blanch d is much ufed in

H inter Sailers, though it have neither Tafte nor Fla- vour; 'tis cultivated much after the lame Manner

as Sellery. Of Lettice there are various Kinds, the

bell ate the Roman, 'Dutch bnivn, Imperial, and Silefia- lunas, all which cabbage well. They are all commonly fown with other Crops in March, for Summer- Sallets, and in Augttft, to be tranlplanted, or September, to Hand the Winter, either to be cut for Winter Sallets, or to cabbage early next Spring for Seeds. See Seeds. Indeed the Roman will lcarcc bear the Froft.

Fot the Additional, or Secondary Sallet-herbs : Burnet is a cool perennial Herb, whofe render Leaves, mixed with olher Herbs in Winter, give the agreeable Flavour of a Cucumber : 'Tis propagated by Seed lown in March. Corn Sallet, railed at the lame Time, and in the fame Manner, makes a good Winter Sallet Furnitute ; 'Pur- flane, an infipid, yet cooling Herb, is admired by fome in Summer- Sallet S: 'Tis railed by Seeds lown in March in a warm Place. Sorrel is chiefly ufed in the Spring, when rhe young Leaves are very agreeable. 'Tis raifed from Seeds lown in March, ufually in Rows or Drills. Spinage is a neceflary Ingredient in raw Sallets, ro be cut in the Ear-leaf; but 'tis better for boiled Sallets in the Winter and Spring. 'Tis lown in March, April, and May; and again in Augttft, in a Place well expofed to the Sun, that the Leaves may be large enough for boil- ing in the Winter, famgm, of all others, Ihould never be wanting ; 'tis a Cordial Herb, though not the moft agreeably tailed : Yet a few Leaves, or three or four of the tender Tops, give a Sallet a good Reliffi. 'Tis pro- pagated from Slips, taken from the Root and planted in

March.- Note, in the Spring, Dandelion blanch'd,

which is gather'd in ahnoft every plough'd Field, makes an excellent Sallet mixed with other Herbs. Some like- wile gathet Violet Flowers, Cowllips, and Bloffoms of Burrage, as part of the Sallet Furnirure; others, Fennel, and Tar/ley. See Pot-Herbs.

Preparation and Dreffmg of Sallets.

The Sellery and Endive, have their hollow, green Stem, or Stalk, llripp'd of all its outfide Leaves, and iliced in the blanch'd Part, cutting the Root into four Parts. The other ingredienr Herbs being exquifitely culled and cleanfed, ot all faulty Leaves, efc. ate walh'd rather by fptinkling, than lobbing them in Spring- water ; laid to dram of all fuperfluous Moifture, then Ihook and fqueezed together gently, in a coarfe Cloth, to difpofe them to receive the Scannings, viz. the Salt, Vinegar, Oil,«?c.TheOilnortobe yellow, or high colour'd, but of a pale Olive Green, without either Talle or Smell. See Oil. The Vinegar perrefliy clear, neither four nor pall'd. See Vinegar. The Salt to be the bed ordinary Bay-Salt, clean, btight, and dry. Some indeed recommend the Eflentiat Salts and Spirits of Vegetables, or thofe of the Alcahzate and Fix'd Kind, extrafled from the Calcination of Balm, Rofemary, Wormwood, Jjfc. and affirm, Thar, without earing the grols Sallet-herbs themfelves, we might have healing, cooling, generous Sallets, wholly out of rhe Salt-Setler. See Salt. Note, In the Proportion of the Salt, Pepper, and Vinegar, Regard is to be had to the Seaion, Conttitution, fge. the two firft being beft for cold, the (rcond for hot Stomachs and Seafons. For a mode, rate Oxalnie, or Sallet-Vehicle, to three Parts of Oil, put one of Vinegar, or Lemon, or Orange Juice, and in the Mixture, fleep Slices of Horfe-radiffi with a little Salt j occafionally, add a little Guinea Pepper, and Muftard, with the Yolks of two Eggs boiled, fqueezed, and bruifed into a Malh therein. Pour the Whole on the- Herbs, ftirring and mingling them till they be thoroughly imbibed,

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