Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 2.djvu/657

 SAG

C 2 ]

SAC

Benefit* we have received from God, and a fpirltual Tem- per of Mind. By allowing Six Days to labour, the Poor hath Time to earn his Bread, and the Man of Bufinefs Time to dtfpatch his Affair. 1 ;. Had more Time been allotted to Labour and Bufinels, and none to Reft; our Bodies would have been too much fatigued and walled, and our Minds too long engaged about worldly Matters, lb as to have forgotten Divine Things. Greedy People, without fuch an Injunction, would icarcc have favoured their own Bodies, much le(s their Servants, Slaves, Cat- tle, l§c. The Creation therefore, would have iuffered, had it not been provided for by the Inftitution of a Sab- hath. See Sunday.

Sabbath, isalfo ufed for a nocturnal Aflembly Witches are fiippofed to hold on Saturdays, where the Devil ap- pears in Form of a Goat, around whom they make feve- ral Dances, and magick Ceremonies, amply delcribed in their Books of Tiemmoinauia. To prepare themselves for this Meeting, they take certain fbporifk Drugs; after which they are fancied to fly up the Chimney, and to be spirited through the Air to the Sabbath on a Switch.

Sabbat a-days -journey, is fixed by theCriticks, to a Space of 729 Englifa Faces and 3 Feet; or oi 2000 CubitSj or 3648 Feet. See Measure.

SABELLIAKS, a Sect of ancient Hereticks in the Eafl, who reduced the Three Perfons in the Trinity, to Three States or Relations ; or rather reduced the whole Trinity to the One Perfon of the Father ; making the Word and the Holy Spirit to be Virtues, Emanations, or Functions thereof- Sabellius, their Chief, firft broached this Doc- trine, in the Third Century, in a City of Lybia, called (Ptolemais. He taught. That he, who in Heaven is the Father ol all Things, defcended into the Virgin, became a Child, and was born of her as a Son$ and that having accomplimed the Myftery of our Salvation, he diffuled himfelf on the Apoftles, in Tongues of Fire; and was then denominated the Holy Ghojl. Epipfcanins tells us, That the God of the Sabellians, whom they called the Fa- ther, refembled the Sun, and was a mere Subfiramm ; whereof the Son was the illuminative Virtue or Quality, and the Holy Spirit the warming Virtue. The Word, they taught, was darted, like a Divine Ray, to accompli m the Work of Redemption ; and that, being re-afcended to Hea- ven, as the Ray returns to its Source, the Warmth of the Father was communicated, after a like Manner, to the Apoftles. The Council of Antiocb, held by the Eitfebi- ans in 345, tells us, That, at Rome, they were called 'Patripaffians, who, in the Eafl-, were called Sabellians. See Patripassian.

SABLE, in Heraldry, a black Colour, in the Arms of Gentlemen; In thole of No- bility, it is called 'Diamond-, and in the Coats of Sovereign Princes, Saturn, It is j exprefled in Engraving by Strokes drawn perpendicularly acrofs each other, as in the adjoyning Figure. The Name is borrowed from the little Animal called S&&U, becaufe of its black Colour.

SABRE, a Kind of Cutthig-fword, or Cinietarrc, hav- ing a very broad, heavy Blade; thick at the Back, and a little crooked towards the Point. See Sword. The Turks are very expert in the Ufe of the Sabre, which is the Wea- pon they ordinarily wear by their Side, $£c. With this, 'tis faid, they'll cleave a Man quite down, at a iingle Stroke, The Word is formed from the German Sabel, of the Sclavonic Sabla Cuttelas.

SAC, or Socha, in Law, a royal Privilege which a Lord of a Manor claims to have in his Court, of holding Plea in Caufes of Debate arifing among his Tenants and Vaffals, and ot impofing and levying Fines and Amerce- ments touching the fame. Rajlal and fome others, de- fine Sac to be a Forfeiture or Amercement itfelf, pay'd him who denies that which is proved againft him, to be true, or affirms that to be true which is not {b. The Word is Saxes, and literally fignifies Caufe, Con. teft, *§C,

SACJEA, m Antiquity, a Feaft which the ancient Sa- bylonians, and other Orientals, held annually in Honour of the God Anaitides. The Sac<ea were in the Eaft what the Saturnalia were at Rome, viz. a Feaft for the Slaves. One of the Ceremonies hereof, was to chufe a Prifbner condemned to Death, and allow him all the Pleafures and Gratifications he would wifri, e'er he were carried to Execution. See Saturnalia.

SACCADE, in the Manage, a violent Check the Ca- valier gives his Horfe, by drawing both the Reins very fuddenly ; ufed when the Horfe bears too heavy on the Hand. The Saccade is a kind of Correction rarely to be ufed; for fear of fpoiling the Horle's Mouth. SACCHARUM. See Sugar-

SACCOPHORI, a Sea of ancient Hereticks, thus called from the Greek* «u«@- a Sack, and ptpir I bear, be-

cause they cioa.th.ed themfelves continually in Sackcloth, and affected a world of Aufterity and Penance. We know but little of their Tenets: In all Probability they were the fame with the Maffalians; Which fee. The Em- peror Theodofms, made a Law againft the Saccophm and Manichees,

SACCO BENEDITTO, or Sac-bcni, a Kind of linnen Garment given to Perfons condemned by the Inquifition, to be wore at their Execution. 'Tis in Form ot a Scapu- lary, of a yellow Colour, with two Croffes on it; and painted over with Devils and Flames. The Latins call it Habitello, and the Spaniards, Sacribmiio, and za- maretta. 'Twas likewiie in Ufe for public Penitents in the primitive Church, and called alio Samarra, San benito, ckc.

SACCULUS, a Diminutive of Saccus, a Bag ; ufed in Anatomy, to exprefs ieveral Parts of the Body, bearing lome Refemblance thereto ; as Sacculus Chyliferus, or Ro- rH^rM, aPaflage which makes the beginning of the Thoracic T)i0. See Thorax.

Sacculus Cordis, the Pericardium, Which fee.

Sacculus I.acryinalis, a little membranous Bag, into which the PunBa I,acrymalia of the Eye open ; and which is, itfelf, the Entrance of a Canal, by which the Liquor leparated in the Glandula Lacrymalis, is difcharged into the Cavity of the Nofe, 'Tis the Ulcetation of this Saccus, that makes the Fifiula Lacrymalis. See Fistula.

Sacculi Adifofi, little Cells or Veiicles, in the Mem- brand adipofa, wherein the Fat of the Body is contained. See Fat.

Sacculus Medicinalis, a topical Medicine, applied to ibme painful Part ; confifting of Herbs or Drugs mcloied in a Linnen-Bag.

Sacculi Medicinales, are alfo Bags of Ingredients, faC. pended in Liquors, in making Diet-drinks.

SACER, in Anatomy, a Mufcle ariling from the Hind- Part of the Os Sacrum, and running along under the Lon- gijjimus T)orfi. With its feveral Tendons, it lays hold on the Spine, and every Tranfverfe Procefs of the Loins, and the lowell of the Back. It affifts in erecting the Trunk. See Muscle.

Sacer Ignis..

Sacer. Mcrbus,

? See ^HhK pes fit-fief/*. •yi i Epilepsy.

SACERDOTAL, fbmething belonging to the Pri-eft- hood. See Driest- Sacerdotal Benefices are fuch as cann'c be legally held by any but Pcrlons in Holy Orders : fuca are all Cures of Souls, Bifhopricks, &c. The facerdotal Ornaments, are thofe wherewith the Priefts are cloathed, when they officiate, £i?c. The Word is formed from the Latin, Saccrdos Prieft, of Sacer Holy.

SACK OF WOOL, is a determinate Quantity, con- taining juft 26 Stone, and every Stone is 14 Pounds, by 14 E. 3. Stat. 1. c. 2. But in Scotland, a Sack is 24 Stone, and each Stone contains impounds. A Sack of Cotton Wool, is a Quantity from an hundred and half to

( Weight.

See Wool.

Sacks of Earth, ufed in Fortification, are large Bags full of Earth, made of coarfe Cloth, the largeft of about a Cubick-foot wide, and the leffer ibmewhat more than half a Foot. They are ufed on ieveral Occasions ; parti- cularly for making Retrenchments in halte, to place on Parapets, or rhe Head of the Breaches, &c, or to repair them when beaten down. They are of good Ufe alio, when the Ground is rocky, and affords not Earth to car- ry on the Approaches t becaufe they can eafily be brought on, and carried off"; the fame Bags, on Occafion, are ufed to carry Powder in, of which, they hold about Fifty Pounds a piece,

SACKBUT, amufical Inflrument of the Wind Kind ; being a kind oi Trumpet, tho' different from the common Trumpet both in Form and Size, 'Tis very fit to play Bafs, and is contrived fo as to he drawn out or fhorten'd according to the Gravity or Acutenefs of the Tones. The Italians call h Trombone, the Latins \ Titba TitiBUis, It takes a - funder into Four Pieces, or Branches ; and hath frequently a Wreath in the middle; which is the fame Tube, only twilled twice, or making two Circles in the middle of the Inflrument ; by which Means, it is brought down one fourth lower than its natural Tone, It has alfo two Pieces or Branches on the Infide, which don't appear, ex- cept when drawn out by means of an Iron Bar, and which, lengthen it to the Degree requifite to hit the Tone re- quired. The Sackbut is ufually Eight Foot long, without being drawn out, or without reckoning the Circles. When extended to its. full Length, 'tis ufually Fifteen Foot. The Wreath is Two Foot'Nine Inches in Circum- ference. It ferves as Bafs in all Conforts of Wind Mufic.

There are SrtckhitS of different Sizes, ferving to exe- cute different Parts j particularly a fmall one, called by the Italians, Trombone ficciolo, and the Germans, Cleine

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