Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 2.djvu/628

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fore delivered unto him that was dillrain'd, upon Security given to profecute the Action, fliall now be returned to him that di- itrained them. See Distress, Replevy, &c.

Returns are alio certain Days in each Term, peculiarly fet a-part for the feveral Kinds of Proceedings, in any Caufe to be determined. See Term, &c.

They are alio cali'd Days in Bank. See Day. Hillary Term has four fuch Returns. — viz. Oclabit Hillarii, eight Days after Hillary Day ; 2. Uudena Hillarii, fifteen Days ; Craflina Purificationis, the Day after the Purification; and Obtains Turificationis, eight Days after, inclulive.

Eajhr Term has five Returns ; viz. §uindena Fafchae, fifteen Days after Eafter ; Tres Fafcba:, thtee Weeks after; Menfe Faf- cba;, the Day-Month after Eafler; Quinaue Paphae, the Day five Weeks from Eafler; and Craflino Afcenfonis Domini, the Day af- ter Afcenfon-Day.

Trinity Term has four Returns; viz. Craflino Trinitatis, the Day after Trinity; Oclabis Trinitatis, eight Days after, inclulive; Qumdena Trinitatis, fifteen Days after ; and Tres Trinitatis, three Weeks after.

Michaelmas Term has fix Returns; viz. Tres Micbaelis, three Weeks rfter Mchaelmaii Menfe Michaelis, the Day-Month after Michaelmas ; Craflino Aitimarum, the Day after All-Souls ; Crafli- no Martini, the Day after Martinmas Day ; Offabis Martini, eight Days after, inclulive; and guindena Martini, fifteen Days. See Term.

Return, in Building. A Side or Part that falls away from the Forelide of any flraight Work, is cali'd the Return.

Returns of a Trench, in Fortification, are the turnings and windings which run from the Lines of a Trench. See Trench.

RETURNO habendo, or Returnum Averiorum, a Writ which lies for him who has avowd a Dillrefs made of Cattle, and -proved his Dillrels to be lawfully taken; for the Return of the Cattle diltrain'd unto him, which before were replevied by the Party dillrain'd, upon Surety given to purfue the Action. See Distress, 6 j c.

The fame Writ is granted when the Plaint or Action is remo- ved by Recorders, or Accejas ad Curiam, into the Court of Com- mon-Pleas ; and he whofe Cattle were dillrain'd, makes Default, and does not profecute his Action. See

RETURNUM Irrepkgiabile, a Writ Judicial, fentoutof the Common-Pleas to the Sheriff, for the final Reftitution or Re- turn of Cattle to the Owner, unjuitly diltrain'd as Damage-fea- zant, and fo found by the Jury before Juftices of Aflize in the County, or otherwife, through Default of Profecution. See Return, Distress, Replevy, 6c.

REVE, or Greve, in antient Cultoms, the Bailiff of a Fran- chife or Manor ; thus cali'd, efpecially in the Weftern Parts. See Greve.

Hence Sbir-reve, Sheriff, Port-greve, Churcb-reve, &c. See Sheriff, Portgreve, 6c.

Reve is alio ufed in antient Cultoms for a Duty or Impofiti- on on Merchandices imported or exported. See Duty and Custom.

M. du Can?? derives the Word from thzLatin, rogare, to ask; as being a Tribute antiently gtantcd Princes at their Recjueit, as a Free-Gift.

REVEILLE, a Beat of the Drum, intended to give Notice that it is Day-break; and that the Soldiers are to rile, and the Gentries forbear challenging. See Drum.

The Word is French, form'd of the Verb reveiller, to a- wake.

REVELATION, the Act of revealing, ot making a thing publick which before was a fecret, or unknown.

The Revelation of a Confeflion made by the Confeffor, is ad- jiuig'd in the Romijb Church, to deferve the molt exemplary Pu- nilfiment. See Confession.

The Word Revelation is ufed, by way of Eminence, for the Difcoveries made by God to his Prophets, 6rc. and by them to the World. See Prophecy.

The Romanifts have two huge Volumes of the Revelations of St. Bridget. See Legend, Vision, 6c.

The Word is form'd from the Latin, revilo, of re and velum, q. d. unvail.

Revelation, in Religion, is the Difcovery which God has made to the World by the Mouths of his Prophets; of certain Points of Faith and Duty, which they could not learn from natu- ral Reafon See Nature, R.eason, Faith, 6c.

Religion is divided into natural Religion ; and Revelation, or revealed Religion. See Religion.

The Chrittian Revelation^ that made byChrilt, and his Apo- Itles, in the New Teftament. See Testament.

The Jewijb Revelation is that made by Mofes and the Pro- phets, in the Old Teftament. See Bible, Prophet, 6c

A late Author obferves, fomewhat invidioufly, that 'tis the common Method of all new Revelations, to be built on Prece- dent ones.— Thus, the Milfion of Mofis to thelfraelites, fuppofes a firmer Revelation to Abraham, &c. The Milfion of Chriil fuppofes that of Mops ; and the pretended Milfion of Mahomet, fuppofes the Milfion of Chriil. The Miffion of Zoroafler to the Perjians, fuppofes the Religion of the Map, &c.

_ The general Foundation of all Revelation is this, That God is p.eafeo Man fhould know fomething relating to himfelf, his own Nature, Ditpenfaiion, 6c. which the natural Faculties he was plealed to create him withal, could not attain to; and that he requires feme Duty or Service at our Hands, more than what' neceflaniy follows from the Relation we are under to him as our Creator, Preferver, 6c

Particular or occafional Revelations have their particular Geni- us s, Charactenfticks, and Deligns— That made by MoCes and the Prophets, chiefly related to the Nation of the Jews, confi- dered as the Defcendanrs of Abraham: Its Delignieems to have been to refcue rhat People from their Slavery ; to fettle them n a new Plantation; to give them a fet of Laws; to new form their Manners ; to fupport them under Difficulties and Dangers of their Enemies, from an Opinion of their being under the im- mediate Direction and Appointment of God ; to keep them from intermixing again with rheir Neighbours, from an Opinion of their being a cbofen People, and ot a Meffiah to be born among them ; and to lay a Foundation of a Reiteration, in cafe of their

being opptefs'd, from the Opinion of a Deliverer To fomeor

other of thefeEnds do all the Old Teftament Piophelies feem to tend. r

The Chriltian Revelation is founded on a Part of the Jewijb. —The Meffiah promis'd in the one, is reveaTd in the other. All the reil of the Jewi/b Revclafwi, which related peculiarly to the Jewijb People, is here fet a-fide ; and only that Part of it which was to affect the World in general, we mean that relating to the coming of the Meffiah, is here built upon. See Mes- siah.

Indeed it mull be own'd the Jew ever look'd on this Part as peculiar to themfelves, as any of the reft : The Meifiah was pro- rated to tb:m; he was to be their Deliverer, their Reftorer, 6c. —But upon the taking Place of this new Revelation, anew Scene was opened— This Parr of the old Revelation, it was ihewn, was all Typical, or Allegorical; and the Proprieties relating hereto, not to be underftood in their primary or litteral Senfe. The Melfiah was not to be the Reftorer of the Jewijb Sovereignty and Liberties, which were now fallen into the Hands of the Ro- mans, but to reftore and re-eftabliili the Wotld, who had loft their original Righteoufnefs, and were become Slaves of Sin ; to preach Repentance and Remiliion, and at lad to fiiffer Death, that all who believ'd in him, might not die, but have everlafling

Such is the Tenor and Defign of the Chriftian Revelation, which in the Event, was fo far from being what it had been ap- prehended to be, by the People to whom it was firft promis'd ; that it proved the vety Reverfe; and inftead of re-eltablifhing and confirming rhe other Branches of their Revelation, fuperfeded, and fet them all afide.— The Pale was now broken down, and the being of the Seed of Abraham, ceas'd to be a Privilege; all the World being invited on the fame Terms with the Jews.

-The Confequence was, that the Jevis denying this to be the Mefliah that had been promifed to them, as not able to fee the I rophecies fulfilled in him, for want of the tvpical Meanings there- of, were generally excluded from the Privileges of that Million which had been fuppofed wholly intended for them ; And had their Ruin compleated from the very means whence they expect- ed their Redemption. See Type, Prophesy, 6c

REVELS, Entertainments of Dancing, Masking, Gaming, Acting of Comedies, Farces, 6c antiently very frequent in Inns of Courts, at certain Seafons, and in Noblemen's, &c. but now much difufed.

The Officer who has the Direction or ordering hereof, was called the Mafler of the Revels.

The Word is form'd from the French, reveiller, to awake.

REVENUE, the yearly Rent or Profits arifing to a Man from his Lands, Pofteflions, &c. See Rent.

The Revenue of this Manor confifts inTiths, Rents, &c. See Manor, 6c.

The Revenues of the Englifb Clergy were firll fix'd by King Ethelwolf, Anno 855; who granted them for ever, the Tith of all Goods, and the tenth Part of all the Lands of England, free from all Secular Service, Taxes, Impolitions, 6c. See Tith and Clergy.

The certain Revenues of the King of England were antiently greater than thofe of any King in Europe; and 'till the time of the Civil Wars they enjoy'd in Domains and Fee-Farm Rents al- moft enough to Dilcharge all the ordinary Expences of the Crown, wirhout any Tax or Impofition on the Subject.

Upon the Reftauration, the Crown Revenues being found much alienated, and the Crown Charges increas'd; the Parlia- ment fettled a yearly Revenue of 1,200000/. upon rhe King; fo much as the former Crown Revenues fell fhert of that Sum, to be rais'd on Goods exported and imported, upon Liquors, and Fire-Hearths. See Duty, 6rc.

At the Death of King Charles II. the Revenue amounted to 1,800,200 /. per Ann. — In King Janies lids. Time, it was rais'd to 2,000,000/. which was computed to be one tenth of the Revenues of the whole Kingdom.

At the fame time the Revenues of the King of France were

computed at feven Millions Sterling; and thofe of the States of

12 A Holland,