Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 2.djvu/623

 RES

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RES

of common Time is to equal to three Semi-quavers in the Tri- ple -,%■ But this variety in the Ufe of the fame Characters, is now laid afide.

RESTAUR, Restor, in antient Cuftoms, the Remedy or Recourfe which Afllirers have againft each other, according to the Date of their Aflurances; or againft the Mafters, if" the A- verage arife through his Default, as through ill loading, want of caulking, or want of having the VeiTel tight. See Assurance.

The Word is alfo ufed for the Remedy or Recourfe a Perfon has againft his Guarantee or other Peribn, who is to indemnify him from any Damage fuftain'd. — Hence Refiaura?it and Reftau- ration. — In the lower Latin they alfo uie the Words, Reftor and Reftour.

RESTAURATION, Restoration, the Aft of re-efta- blifhing, or fettling a thing in its former good Eftate.

Thus we fay, the Reft miration of a Minor to the Pofiefiion of his Effects, alienated in the Time of his Minority. In the French Laws is an antient Formula, ufed for the reftoring a Perfon to his good Name, after he has been wrongfully accufed and con- demned.

Sour and decay'd Beer and Ale are refiored various Ways.— By a handful of Wheat thrown into the VelTel, or by Salt made of the Allies of Barly-Straw, put into the Veilel and ftirr'd.

Glauber commends three or four handfuls of Beech Afhes ap- plied in the fame manner — Chalk fcraped into it, renders it drink- able immediately. The fame effect is produced by calcined Oy- iter-Shells, burnt Egg-Shells, Sea-Shells, or Crab's Eyes. See Beer, Ale, Brewing, &c.

In E?ighmd we iay, the Reftauration, by way of Eminence, for the return of KingCharles II. in 1660; after the Interregnum. See Interregnum.

The 29th of May is an Anniverfary Feftival held in Comme- moration of the Restoration : The Reftauration o£ Regal and Epis- copal Government. See QivnAVar.

RestauratioN, in Architecture, the Repairing of all the Parts of a Building gone to decay, either through the Courfe of Time, or other Injuries; in fuch manner as that it is not only re-eftablifhcd in its firft Form, but coniidcrably augmented. See Repair and Reparation.

Tis evident from the Plinths of the Corinthian Columns of the Pantheon, which are almoft wholly under Ground, that the Pavement of this Temple is only a Reftauration made in the Time of Septvmius Severus. Daviler.

The Temple of Concord, behind the Capitol at Ro?ne, having been burnt long after it was built;, and having angular Bafes dif- ferent from the reft ; feems to have jbeen refiored from the Ru- ins of fereral antient Buildings. Id.

Restauration, in Sculpture, is the repairing of a mutilated Statue, &c. See Mutilation, &c.

Moft of the Antique Statues have undergone the Reftauration ; as the Farneje Hercules, the Faunus in the Villa Borgheje at Rome* The Wreftiers in the Gallery of the Great Duke of Florence; the Venus of Arhs in the Gallery ziVer failles.— But thefe Reft aurations have only been made by the ableft Sculptors. Daviler.

RESTINCTION, in Chymiftry, the quenching of a Metal or Mineral in fome Lquor,- in order either to correct, or give it idme new Quality, Power, &c. See Extinguishing, &c.

RESTITUTION, in Phyiicks, the returning of elaftick Bo- dies forcibly bent, to their natural State^ properly call'd, the Mo- tion of Reftitution. See Elasticity.

Contradtion being the proper and natural Action of mufcular Fibres, fome Authors afcribe Dilatation to a Motion of Reftitu- tion j but the Expreffion, as well as the Idea, lare very faulty. See Fibre, Muscular, &c. See alfo Heart, &c.

Restitution, in a moral and legal Senfe, is the Act of reftoring a Perfon to his Right ; or of returning fomething un- juftiy taken or detain'd from him. See Restauration.

Reftitution is reducible to commutative Juftice; and till it be made, the Cafuifts determine the Party all die while guilty of Theft. See Justice, Injury, &c.

The illegal Incumbents of Benefices are condemned to a Rejli- tution of the Fruits of the Benefices.— In the Ro?mJb Church Af- furers, G^c- are obliged to a Reftitution of their ill-gotten Goods, otherwise the Prieft has no Authority to give him Abfolution. See Usury.

Reftitution in Integrmn, is ufed for what is otherwife called Re- fcijjlon. See Rescission.

Religious obtain Reftitution againft their Vows, i. e. are freed from their Obligation, when they proteft againft them within five Years of their Profeffion. See Vow, <&c.

In the Hiftory of Germany for the XVIIth Century, the firft Day of January 1624, is call'd the Term of Reftitution: Becaufe by the Peace of Mimfter* then concluded, the Lutheran and Cahinift Princes were obliged to refiitute t reftore what they had taken from the Rowan Catholick Churches in their Territo- ries, till that Day.

Restitutions; of Medals, or Restituted Medals* is a Phrafe ufed by Antiquaries, for fuch Medals as were ftruck by the Emperors, to renew or retrieve the Memory of their Predeceflbrs. See Medal.

Hence it is that in feveral Medals we find the Letters REST. —Claudius was the firft who begun this Practice, by ftrikjng a-

frefh feveral Medals of Auguftus. Nero did the fame; and7/7*/» after the Example of his Father, ftruck Reftitutions of moft of his Predeceflbrs

Gallian ftruck a general Reftitution of all the preceding Empe- rors in two Medals, the one bearing an Altar, the other an Ea- gle, without the REST. F. Jobert chufes rather to call them Confervations than Reftitutions ; as being done quite a -new.

RESTITUTION E Tempralimn, a Writ which lies where a Man is elected and confirmed Bifhop of a Diocefs; for the Re- covery of the Temporalities or Barony of the faid Bifhoprick. See Bishop, Temporalities, &c.

It is directed from the King to the Efcheator of the County.

Restitutions extracli ab Ecclefta, a Writ antiently granted for the reftoring a Man to the Church or Sanctuary from which he had been forced away. See Sanctuary.

RESTIVE, a Term applied to a Horle, &t. that flops, or runs back, inftead of advancing forwards.

In the Manage, a nftive Horie is a rebellious, refractory, ill broken Horle ; which only goes where it will, and when it will. — The Word is form'd from the Latin, reftivus, which fignifies the fame thing.

RESTORATIVE, in Medicine, a Remedy proper for the reftoring and retrieving of Strength and Vigour. See Remedy.

Reftoratives belong to the Gals of Balikmicks. See Balsa- MICK.

The Medicines that come under this Denomination are of an emollient, lofcening Nature, but nutritive withal ; and are rather adminiftred to repair the Waftes of the Conftkution, than to alter and rectify us Diforuers. See Nutrition.

Such are the Leaves of white Maiden-hair, Adianthum Ni- grum ; black Hellebore; Rocket, Eruca; Scabious; Tufilago ; Coks-Foot; Bohea-Tea; Chich-peas; Hops; Chocolate; Pi- ftach-Nuts; Balfom of lolu; Bdellium; Benzoin; Storax;Eryn- go; Iris; Satyrion, &c. See Hellebore, Tea, Pistach, Chocolate, Balsom, Bdellum, Storax, &c.

RESTRAINT, is when an Action is hindered orftop'd, con- trary to Volition, or the Preference of the Mind- See Liber- ty, Necessity, Will, Volition, Voluntary, &c.

RESTRICTION, the Act of modifying, limiting, or re- ftraining a thing to narrower Bounds.

General Laws always bear fome Reftriftion.—ln Contracts 'tis ufual to have reftricllive Claujesj which bind tbeDifpofitions down to certain Bounds. See Clause, Condition, &c.

Mental Restriction. See Reservation.

Among Logicians, ReftricJion is underftood of the limiting a Term, fo as to make it fignify lefs than it ufually does.— la this Senfe the Name Philofopher is reftrain'd to Ariftotle; Great to Alexander j City to Rome* &c.

Tis observed to be good arguing affirmatively from a non-re- ftrain'd to a reftrain'd Term, but not contrarily : And negatively, from reftrain'd to a non-reftrain'd Term ; but not contrarily

RESTRINGENT, in Medicine. See Astringent.

RESULT, what is gathered from a Conference, an Examen, Meditation, Difcourfe, or the like; or the Conclulion and Effect thereof.

The AiTembly was fo tumultuous that there was no knowing the Refult.— The ufual Refult of Difputes, Mr. Bayle obferves, is that each Perfon remains more actach'd to his own Opinion.

RESUMMONS, a fecond Summons; or calling a Man to anfwer an Action where the firft Summons is defeated, or fat pended by any Occafion; as the Death of a Party, &c. See Summons.

RESUMPTION, in a large Senfe, fignifies the taking again into the King's Hands fuch Lands or Tenements as before, up- on falfe Suggeftion, or other Error, he had delivered to the Heir, or granted by Letters Patent to any Man.

Resumption, in the Schools, a fummary Repetition, or run- ning over of an Argument; or of the Subftance thereof, in order to refute it.

The Refpondent refimed all the Points of the Objedion, and anfwers them one by one. See Recapitulation, &c.

Resumption is alfo ufed by Logicians for the reduction of fome figurative or quaint Propoiition, to a more intelligible and figmficant one.— As, Peter is half-leas over; that is, he is half fuddled.— The Meadows fmile; that- is, look pleafant.

RESUMPTIVE, in Pharmacy, an Epithet given to a kind of Unguent, ufed to recruit and reftore arid languishing Confti- rutions, and to difpofe the dry Body to receive Nourifhmcnt.— 'Tis called in Latin, Unguenttim refumptii'um. See Restora- tive and Unguent.

RESURRECTION, Resuscitation, the Act of returning to a new, or fecond Life, after having been dead. See Life and Death.

The great Argument for the Truth of Chriftianity, and that urged with the moft Force and Conviction for the fame; is drawn from the Refurreclion of our Saviour.— The Circumftances there- of are fuch as almoft admit of a Demonftration ; which has ac- cordingly been Attempted on the ihict Principles of the Geo- metricians. See Ditton on the Refurreclion.

The Chriftians generally believe the Refurreftion of the fame identic Body, the very fame Flefh and Bones at the Day of Judgment.— The two principal philofophical Objects againft it are theie. lQ. Thc