Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 2.djvu/540

 PUR

even if the Windows be open, will not do.— This Colour fades a little by repeated Waihings.

M. Reaumur concludes, from fome Experiments he made, that the Effect of the Air on the Liquor, does not confiit in its taking away any Particles thereof, nor in giving it any new ones, but only in its agitating it, and changing

the Arrangement of the Parts that compofe it. He adds,

that the Liquor of the Baccinum, and that of the Grains, feem to be nearly of the fame nature 5 except that the latter is more watry, and only {aline ; whereas the other is hot, and pungent. The Caribbee Iflands have likewife their Turpk-Fijh

It is call'd Burgan ; being of the Size of the End

of the Finger, and relembling our Perriwinkles : Its Shell is of a brownifh azure, its Flefh white, its Inteftines of a very bright red, the Colour whereof appears thro' the Bo- dy : and 'tis this dyes the Froth, which it cafts when ta- ken, and which is at flrft of a violet hue, bordering on blue. To oblige them to yield the greater Quantity of Froth, they lay them on a Plate, /hake and beat them againifc one another; upon which the Plate is immediately cover'd with the Froth, which is receiv'd on a Linnen Cloth, and becomes Furple in proportion as it dries.

£ P. Lahat obferves, that if this be the real Tynan Turple, the Secret of preparing and fixing it is loii 5 this Colour being found to dwindle and diflipate, in proportion as the Linnen dy'd with it is wafh'd.

The fame Author gives us the Defcription of another 'Purple Dye produced by a Plant growing in the Antilles — The Juice of this Tree,when cut {landing, is of a blood-red, and communicates the fame Colour to Cloths ; tho', like the former, it lofes much in wafhing.

Purple, in Medicine. — The Furple Fever is a kind of Plague, or a Malignant-Fever, difcovering itfelf in Erup- tions on the Skin like the Bites of Bugs, or Fleas, or like Grains of Millet or the Small- Pox 5 whence it is fome- times alfo call'd the Spotted Fever. See Fever.

The Eruptions are red, orange, violet, azure, livid, or black ; and when they rife in great quantity, 'tis efteem'd a good Sign.

Sometimes they fpread to a great extent, like Eryfipela's, according to the Quality of the Poifon. See Plague.

PURPURE, or Pourple, or Purple, in Heraldry, according to fome, is one of the five Colours of Armories, mix'd or compounded of Gules and Azure bordering on Violet 5 according toothers, of a little black and much red or mallow Colour. See Colour.

It is fuppofed a Symbol of Temperance, Liberality, ^Dig- nity, Authority, Faith, and 'Piety.

Moll of the Authors in Heraldry, as Favin, Geliot, Mo- net, and Menefirier, don't allow 'Purple for a Colour ; in regard it is not fi tuple, but compofed of an equal Mixture

of four other Colours. They rather efteem it a kind of

mean Metal 5 fometimes Metal, and fometimes Colour. Hence the Spaniards call it una miflion ; fo that one can- not lay it on Metal and Colour without falfifying the Arms.

Add, that many take the 'Purple, as it is accounted, on many antient Bearings, by which fome of the Moderns would evince the regularity and legitimacy of this Colour in Armory tobe no other than Silver tarnifh'd.

Spehnan, however, in his Afpilogia, allows Furple the preference before all other Colours, as having been an En- fign of Royalty for many Ages 5 yet he allows it to have been excluded by the antient Heralds, as only an imperfeel Colour.

It is reprefented in Engraving by tranf- verfe Strokes drawn from the dexter Point of the Chief.

In the Coats of Noblemen it is call'd Amethyfi, and in thofe of Princes Met-

Cm )

PUT

cury.

PURFRESTURE, in our antient Law-

&2P Books, from the French Pourprift, and

'Pourpreft, q. d. Intigre arreptum, eft pro-

prie terrte alien* clandeftina fabtraBio, ejufdemque viciixe

afcriptio. See Pourpresture.

PURPRISUM, of the French Pourpris, a Clofe, or Enclofure Alfo the whole Compafs or Extent of a Ma- nor or Place.

Tlonavi eis tneum Purprifum de KirkchamiS 2)omos

meas g> Molendinum 2? Prata, S?c. Charta Walteii Efpec. Priorat. de Kirkeham.

FURPURATI, i.e. the Sons of Emperors and Kings. Vmbrigenfts, lib. 3. cap. 4. Malmsbury, lib. 3.

PURR'EL, Anno tf Mz. cap. 10. A Lift ordained to be made at the end of Kerfeys, to prevent deceit in dimi- nifhing their length.

PURSE, a manner of Accounting ; or, as fome call it, a Species of Money of Account, much ufed in the Levant 5 particularly at Conftantinopk : See Money of Account.

The Purfi confifts of about 112 Pounds Sterling — Tis

fo calPd, becaufe all the Grand Signor's Treafure in the Seraglio is kept in Leather Bags of this Value.

This Method of Accounting, the Turks derive from the Greeks, and they from the Romans ; the Emperors whereof brought it to Conftantinople, as appears from a Letter of Conftantme to Cecdian Biftiop of Carthage, quoted by E't-

feiitis aad Nicephorus, wherein is this Paffage " Being

" refolved to give fomething for thefupport of the Minifter's ' °L* S Catholic Religion throughout the Provinces of " Africa, Numidia, and Mauritania ; I have wrote to " Veflis, Treafurer-General of Africa, and given him or- " dersto pay you three tb.oufand.F0te," i.e. •Purfis : For, as M. Fleury obferves, we may call that Furfe which the Latins call'd Follis, which was a Sum of two hundred and fifty filver Denarii, amounting to about feven Pounds fix- teen Shillings, our Money.

PURSER, an Officer aboard aKing's Ship, who receives her Victuals from the Victualler, and is to take care that it be in good Condition, and well laid up, and ftow'd.

His Office is alfo to keep a Lift of the Men and Boys be- longing to the Ship ; and to fer down exaflly the Day of each Man's admittance into pay, that fo the Pay-Mailer or Treafurer of the Navy may iffue out his Disburfements, and pay off the Men according to the Purfer's Books.

PUKSIVENESS, among Farriers, Broken Wind 5 a Name common to all thofe Difeafes in Horfes, whofe prin- cipal Seat is in the Lungs ; proceeding from an Ulcer, or fome inward wafting thereof, wherein the fmall Veffels are worn or abraded by the Sharpnefs or Acrimony of the com- mon Difcharges. See Phthisis.

The like Diforder may alfo arife from a Stagnation, hindering the Air from penetrating fo as to lifr up the Lungs in the Ad! of Refpiratiun 5 or from tough and mucilaginous Matter feparated in the Branches of the Wind-Pipe.

The ufual Occafions are Cold, Surfeits, and other Difea- fes not thoroughly carried off Fill-five Diforders may

alfo arife from unwholefome Food, bad Air, hard Ri- ding when a Horfe is full.

The Signs are commonly a heaving and heating of the Flanks; a wheezing and rattling. Sometimes the Ker- nels about the Throat will fweli, and there will be a glan- dulous Running at the Nofe, which is the utmoft Stage of the Difeafe, and ufually reputed defperate.See Glanders. PURSUIVANT, feePouRsuivANT. PURVEYANCE, fee Pourveyance. PURVIEW, a Term frequently ufed by Sir Edw. Coke for the Body of an Ait of Parliamenr ; or that part which begins with .Be it EnaBed, &c. contradiftinguifh'd from the Preamble. See Statute.

The Statute of 3 Hen. 7. {lands upon a 'Preamble and a Fur-view- 12 Rep.

The Word comes from the French Fourvett, a Gift, Granr, Frovifion, &c.

PURULENT, in Medicine, fomething mix'd with, or partaking of Pus. See Pus. \

Phthifical People frequently fpit a purulent Matter. See Phthisis.

In a Dyffentery, the Stools are 'Purulent ; when there is an Ulcer in the Reins or Bladder, the Urine is Purulent.

PUS, in Medicine, a putrid Matter, white and thick, form'd of corrupted Blood, and iffuing out of the Lips of a Wound when open'd, or an Impofthume when burft. See Wound and Ulcer.

Wounds are always to be keptopen while they fuppurate, i. e. while they generate Pus ; for fear of fbutting up the Wolf in the Sheep-fold. See Suppuration.

The Word is Latin, Pus, literally denoting Snot, &c. form'd of the Greek <snj©-, which fignifies the fame thing.

PUSTULE, a little Pimple, or Eruption, on the Skin, full of Pus ; especially arifing in the fmall and great Pox. See Fox.

PUTAGE, Putacium, in our old Law-Books, Puta- nism ; or Fornicatio ex parte f£min<g: quafi putam agere 5 a Gall. Putte, i. e. Meretrix. See Putan ism.

Giuod autem generaliter filet did Putagium, hdreditatem non adimit ; illud intelligendwn eft de putagio Matris ; quia filiushceres legitimes eft, quern Nupti£ demonftrant. Glanv. lib. 7. cap. 12.

PUTANISM, Putanismo, an Italian Term, natura- liz'd by fome Englifh Writers, fignifying Whoredom, or the Life or Condition of a Courtezan.

The Word we borrow immed iately from the French, Fu- tanifinc, and they from the Italians, 'Putt ana, W hore ; of 'Puna, Girl.

PUTATIVE, Suppofitivus i or fomething reputed tobe what it really is not.

The Word is feldom ufed but in the Phrafe Putative- Father. Thus we fay Jofeph was the 'Putative-Father of

JefusChrift.

PUTLOGS, in Building, fhort pieces of Timber, about

feven Foot long, ufed in building Scaffolds They lie at

right Angles to the Wall with one of their ends refting upon 11 A ths